Interação mãe-bebê com suspeita de deficiência auditiva e indicadores de saúde emocional materna: comparação com díade mãe-bebê ouvinte
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Data
2018-08-09
Autores
Pederro, Mariana de Freitas Pereira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A interação mãe-bebê é a mais importante das interações, possibilitando à mãe o oferecimento de afetividade e segurança para um vínculo sadio e promotor do desenvolvimento do seu bebê. Muitos são os fatores que podem comprometer esse vínculo e, entre eles, estão a saúde auditiva do bebê e a saúde emocional materna. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever e comparar a interação de mães ouvintes e bebês com suspeita de deficiência auditiva e de mães e bebês ouvintes, associando-a com indicadores emocionais maternos. Participaram 50 díades, sendo 25 mães e bebês com suspeita de deficiência auditiva (G1) e 25 mães e bebês ouvintes (G2). Foram utilizados os instrumentos Sistema de Codificação da Interação Mãe Criança Revisado (CITMI-R), para avaliar a interação mãe-bebê e a Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS), o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) e o Inventário de Depressão Beck (BDI), para avaliar a saúde emocional materna. Os dados referentes à saúde emocional desta amostra foram organizados e descritos conforme os crivos e tabelas de apuração e interpretação contidos no manual de cada instrumento. A interação mãe-bebê foi codificada de acordo com o protocolo do CITMI-R, adaptado para este estudo. Os resultados foram comparados utilizando o Teste de Mann Whitney e correlacionados utilizando o Teste de Spearman. Observou-se diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos, sendo que os bebês do G1 apresentaram menos comportamentos positivos e neutros e mais comportamentos não responsivos e a frequência dos comportamentos das mães desse mesmo grupo ocorreram mais nas categorias de comportamentos positivos, neutros e não responsivos. Em relação à saúde emocional, as mães do G1 apresentaram mais indicadores clínicos para depressão, ansiedade estado e traço e, quando relacionados com os comportamentos interativos de seus bebês e seus próprios, houve relação entre a saúde emocional e os comportamentos emitidos pelas díades. Os resultados podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de intervenções na interação mãe-bebê com suspeita ou deficiência e saúde emocional materna.
The mother-baby interaction is the most important of the interactions, enabling the mother to offer affection and security to a healthy bond and promote the development of her baby. There are many factors that can compromise this bond, and among them are the baby's auditory health and maternal emotional health. The objective of the present study was to describe and compare the interaction of hearing mothers and infants with suspected hearing impairment and of hearing mothers and babies, associating it with maternal emotional indicators. Participants included 50 dyads, 25 mothers and babies with suspected hearing impairment (G1) and 25 mothers and hearing babies (G2). The Revised Mother Child Interaction Coding System (CITMI-R) was used to evaluate the mother-infant interaction and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE), and the Depression Inventory Beck (BDI), to assess maternal emotional health. The data concerning the emotional health of this sample were organized and described according to the sightings and tables of calculation and interpretation contained in the manual of each instrument. The mother-infant interaction was coded according to the CITMI-R protocol, adapted for this study. The results were compared using the Mann Whitney Test and correlated using the Spearman's Test. Statistical differences were observed between the groups, with G1 infants exhibiting less positive and neutral behaviors and more nonresponsive behaviors, and the frequency of mothers' behaviors in the same group occurred more in the categories of positive, neutral and nonresponsive behaviors. Regarding emotional health, G1 mothers presented more clinical indicators for depression, state anxiety and stroke, and when related to the interactive behaviors of their babies and their own, there was a relationship between emotional health and behaviors emitted by the dyads. The results may contribute to the development of interventions in mother-infant interaction with suspicion or deficiency and maternal emotional health.
The mother-baby interaction is the most important of the interactions, enabling the mother to offer affection and security to a healthy bond and promote the development of her baby. There are many factors that can compromise this bond, and among them are the baby's auditory health and maternal emotional health. The objective of the present study was to describe and compare the interaction of hearing mothers and infants with suspected hearing impairment and of hearing mothers and babies, associating it with maternal emotional indicators. Participants included 50 dyads, 25 mothers and babies with suspected hearing impairment (G1) and 25 mothers and hearing babies (G2). The Revised Mother Child Interaction Coding System (CITMI-R) was used to evaluate the mother-infant interaction and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE), and the Depression Inventory Beck (BDI), to assess maternal emotional health. The data concerning the emotional health of this sample were organized and described according to the sightings and tables of calculation and interpretation contained in the manual of each instrument. The mother-infant interaction was coded according to the CITMI-R protocol, adapted for this study. The results were compared using the Mann Whitney Test and correlated using the Spearman's Test. Statistical differences were observed between the groups, with G1 infants exhibiting less positive and neutral behaviors and more nonresponsive behaviors, and the frequency of mothers' behaviors in the same group occurred more in the categories of positive, neutral and nonresponsive behaviors. Regarding emotional health, G1 mothers presented more clinical indicators for depression, state anxiety and stroke, and when related to the interactive behaviors of their babies and their own, there was a relationship between emotional health and behaviors emitted by the dyads. The results may contribute to the development of interventions in mother-infant interaction with suspicion or deficiency and maternal emotional health.
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Palavras-chave
Interação mãe-bebê, Deficiência auditiva, Saúde emocional materna, Mother-baby interaction, Hearing deficiency, Maternal emotional health