Jeronymo Monteiro: um precursor da indústria cultural no Brasil
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Data
2018-10-22
Autores
Oliveira, Marina João Bernardes de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os frankfurtianos Theodor Adorno (1903 — 1969) e Max Horkheimer (1895 — 1973) cunharam a expressão “indústria cultural” para designar um importante fenômeno do início do século XX, que foi a transmutação da arte em mercadoria. Ou seja, a produção de construtos estéticos associada ao entretenimento, à lucratividade e ao controle ideológico. Com base nessa linha teórica, esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre a vida de Jeronymo Monteiro (1908 — 1970) e sobre sua produção literária, em virtude desse autor, atualmente, figurar como um desconhecido no meio acadêmico. Isso se deve não só ao fato de suas obras serem raridades bibliográficas, mas também pelos desencontros de informações nos escassos estudos que há sobre sua vida e obra. Partindo de tal problemática e levando em consideração que Monteiro enveredou pelos principais mass media como o jornal, os quadrinhos e o rádio; assim como seu transitar simultâneo pelos gêneros textuais voltados a um público de massa, como os romances de aventura, de ficção científica e policiais, propomos uma reflexão e o reconhecimento da tese de que Jeronymo Monteiro foi um pioneiro na então embrionária indústria cultural brasileira. Para tanto, pretendemos possibilitar a percepção de que, ao se caracterizar como um escritor para a massa, Monteiro lança mão de especificidades em sua narrativa como a reiteração de temas e uma ficção linear de caráter publicista, que se propõe inovadora ao tentar romper determinados estereótipos e ao promover distopias acerca de regimes governamentais, do uso da tecnologia e das problemáticas sociais de sua época. Em síntese, nosso objetivo é apresentar um Jeronymo Monteiro que, já na década de 30, tinha uma significativa atuação na mídia impressa e no rádio, mas é por meio de sua escrita que ele se legitima como um homem cuja obra estava atrelada aos mecanismos da indústria cultural.
Frankfurters Theodor Adorno (1903-1969) and Max Horkheimer (1895-1973) coined the term "cultural industry" to denote an important phenomenon of the early twentieth century, which was the transmutation of art into commodity. That is, the production of aesthetic constructs associated with entertainment, profitability and, in some cases, ideological control. Based on this philosophical approach, this thesis presents a study on the life of Jeronymo Monteiro (1908 - 1970), and on his literary production, since the author currently figures as an unknown in the academic world. This is due not only to the fact that his works are bibliographical rarities, but also due to the lack of information in the scarce studies about his life and work. From this starting point and taking into account that Monteiro went through the main mass media like newspaper, comics and radio; as well as its simultaneous transit through the textual genres aimed at a mass audience, such as adventure novels, science fiction and police, we propose a reflection and recognition of the thesis that Jeronymo Monteiro was a pioneer in the then embryonic Brazilian cultural industry. To that end, we intend to make it possible to perceive that, in characterizing himself as a writer for the masses, Monteiro uses specificities in his narrative as the reiteration of themes and a linear fiction as a publicist character, which proposes innovations in trying to break certain stereotypes and promotes dystopias about governmental regimes, the use of technology and the social problems of their time. In summary, our goal is to present a Jeronymo Monteiro who, as early as the 1930s, had a significant role in print media and radio, but it is through his writing that he legitimizes himself as a man whose work was tied to the mechanisms of cultural industry.
Frankfurters Theodor Adorno (1903-1969) and Max Horkheimer (1895-1973) coined the term "cultural industry" to denote an important phenomenon of the early twentieth century, which was the transmutation of art into commodity. That is, the production of aesthetic constructs associated with entertainment, profitability and, in some cases, ideological control. Based on this philosophical approach, this thesis presents a study on the life of Jeronymo Monteiro (1908 - 1970), and on his literary production, since the author currently figures as an unknown in the academic world. This is due not only to the fact that his works are bibliographical rarities, but also due to the lack of information in the scarce studies about his life and work. From this starting point and taking into account that Monteiro went through the main mass media like newspaper, comics and radio; as well as its simultaneous transit through the textual genres aimed at a mass audience, such as adventure novels, science fiction and police, we propose a reflection and recognition of the thesis that Jeronymo Monteiro was a pioneer in the then embryonic Brazilian cultural industry. To that end, we intend to make it possible to perceive that, in characterizing himself as a writer for the masses, Monteiro uses specificities in his narrative as the reiteration of themes and a linear fiction as a publicist character, which proposes innovations in trying to break certain stereotypes and promotes dystopias about governmental regimes, the use of technology and the social problems of their time. In summary, our goal is to present a Jeronymo Monteiro who, as early as the 1930s, had a significant role in print media and radio, but it is through his writing that he legitimizes himself as a man whose work was tied to the mechanisms of cultural industry.
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Palavras-chave
Jeronymo Monteiro, indústria cultural, aventura, ficção científica, romance policial, cultural industry, adventure, science fiction, detective novel