Prospecção química e biológica do endófito Humicola fuscoatra associado a alga vermelha Asparagopsis taxiformis para obtenção de metabólitos secundários bioativos
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Data
2018-10-05
Autores
Mendonça, Iatã do Carmo
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Considerando a variedade de compostos encontrados em produtos de origem natural, o estudo da biodiversidade de um país é de interesse tanto científico quanto econômico. Sendo possível destacar os ecossistemas marinhos que apresentam biodiversidade comparável às florestas tropicais. Devido ao ambiente diferenciado, muitas vezes inóspito, os habitantes do ambiente marinho exibem características bioquímicas diferenciadas, mostrando grande potencial para bioprospecção. A importância do estudo de organismos marinhos na busca por metabólitos secundários bioativos levou à proposta de aprofundar a prospecção química do fungo endofítico Humicola fuscoatra, isolado da alga vermelha Asparagopsis taxiformis. A partir de seu extrato foi possível purificar por técnicas cromatográficas, e identificar 7 substâncias com base nos dados de ressonância magnética nuclear uni e bidimensional (RMN de 1H, RMN de 13C, TOCSY-1D, COSY, HSQC, HMBC) e espectrometria de massas (EM). Dentre estes foram identificados um composto da classe das dicetopiperazinas (P01), duas isocumarinas (P02 e P05), além de 4 substâncias não relatadas na literatura, incluindo três valerolactamas (P03, P06 e P07) e uma cicloexadienona (P04). Além dos compostos purificados por CLAE, foi possível identificar duas substâncias por cromatografia a gás acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG-EM) sendo elas uma dicetopiperazina e um ftalato. A variedade estrutural dos compostos isolados e a grande quimiodiversidade do extrato de Humicola fuscoatra reforçam a necessidade de se realizar estudos químicos de fungos endofíticos de origem marinha, visto que estes são uma fonte de metabólitos com grande potencial para contribuir na busca por protótipos para novos agentes terapêuticos, além de enfatizar a importância da preservação dos biomas aquáticos, sob constante ameaça por impactos ambientais e mudanças climáticas.
Seeing the variety of compounds obtained from natural products, study a country biodiversity have a scientific interest as well as economic. It is possible to highlight marine ecosystems that present biodiversity comparable to rainforests. Due to the unique environment, often inhospitable, the organisms of the marine environments display uncommon biochemical characteristics, showing great potential for bioprospecting. The importance of the study of marine organisms in the search for bioactive compounds led to the proposal to deepen the prospection of the endophytic fungus Humicola fuscoatra, isolated from the red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis. Its extract led to the purification by chromatographic methods, and identification of 7 compounds based on their NMR spectral data obtained by uni and bidimensional experiments (1H NMR, 13C NMR, TOCSY-1D, COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and mass spectrometry (MS). One diketopiperazine (P01), two isocoumarins (P02 and P05) in addition to four novel compounds, including three valerolactams (P03, P06 and P07) and one cyclehexadienone (P04) were isolated. Moreover another diketopiperazine and one phthalate derivative were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The structural variety of the identified compounds associated to the rich chemodiversity observed for the Humicola fuscoatra extract reinforces the need to develop additional chemical studies of endophytic fungal strains of marine origin, since they have been providing metabolites with great potential to the development of novel therapeutic agents, in addition to emphasize the importance of aquatic biomes preservation, as they have been continuously threatened by environmental and climate change impacts.
Seeing the variety of compounds obtained from natural products, study a country biodiversity have a scientific interest as well as economic. It is possible to highlight marine ecosystems that present biodiversity comparable to rainforests. Due to the unique environment, often inhospitable, the organisms of the marine environments display uncommon biochemical characteristics, showing great potential for bioprospecting. The importance of the study of marine organisms in the search for bioactive compounds led to the proposal to deepen the prospection of the endophytic fungus Humicola fuscoatra, isolated from the red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis. Its extract led to the purification by chromatographic methods, and identification of 7 compounds based on their NMR spectral data obtained by uni and bidimensional experiments (1H NMR, 13C NMR, TOCSY-1D, COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and mass spectrometry (MS). One diketopiperazine (P01), two isocoumarins (P02 and P05) in addition to four novel compounds, including three valerolactams (P03, P06 and P07) and one cyclehexadienone (P04) were isolated. Moreover another diketopiperazine and one phthalate derivative were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The structural variety of the identified compounds associated to the rich chemodiversity observed for the Humicola fuscoatra extract reinforces the need to develop additional chemical studies of endophytic fungal strains of marine origin, since they have been providing metabolites with great potential to the development of novel therapeutic agents, in addition to emphasize the importance of aquatic biomes preservation, as they have been continuously threatened by environmental and climate change impacts.
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Palavras-chave
Fungos Marinhos, Algas Marinhas, Citotoxicidade, Inibidores de Colinesterase, Compostos Bioativos, Marine fungi, Marine Algae, Cytotoxicity, Cholinesterase inhibitors, Bioactive Compounds