A inclusão do aluno com deficiência intelectual na rede regular de ensino: o que mostram as pesquisas
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Data
2018-08-31
Autores
Almeida, Isabel Augusta Fogaça de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A deficiência intelectual (DI) é um conceito construído pela sociedade diante de seus valores histórico-sociais. Em consequência, a inclusão da pessoa com DI é algo que está sendo estruturado cotidianamente e as interpretações sobre o que é inclusão variam de acordo com a cultura e com o contexto social. Neste cenário, as leis e os decretos brasileiros modificam-se para que o direito de acesso à escola seja comum a todos os seres humanos, porém, sabe-se que são necessárias políticas públicas para que a legislação seja efetiva diante dos desafios do modelo arcaico escolar. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a produção científica e/ou acadêmica sobre inclusão de pessoas com deficiência intelectual no ensino regular, tendo como metodologia o Estado da Arte ou do Conhecimento nas pesquisas apresentadas na Plataforma SCIELO e LILACS entre 1994 e 2017, utilizando os seguintes descritores: inclusão da pessoa com deficiência intelectual, inclusão do aluno com deficiência intelectual, deficiência intelectual e inclusão, deficiência intelectual na escola. Por meio dos trabalhos encontrados, foi possível identificar que cinco pilares são necessários para sustentar e efetivar a inclusão do aluno com DI, a reestruturação da escola, a capacitação dos professores, o apoio teórico das universidades, a elaboração de políticas públicas e o trabalho pedagógico inovador.
The intellectual disability is a concept built for society in view of their historical-social values. As a consequence, the inclusion of the person with ID is something that is being structured daily, and the interpretations about what is included vary according to the culture and the social context. In this scenario, Brazilian laws and decrees are modified so that the right of access to the school is common to all human beings, but it is known that public policies are necessary to make legislation effective in the face of the challenges of the archaic model school. The main objective of this work is to investigate the scientific and / or academic production on the inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in regular education using as methodology the State of Art or Knowledge in the research presented in the SCIELO and LILACS Platform between 1994 and 2017, using the following descriptors: inclusion of the person with intellectual disability, inclusion of the student with intellectual disability, intellectual disability and inclusion, intellectual disability in school. Through the works found, it was possible to identify that five pillars are necessary to sustain and to effect the inclusion of the student with ID, the restructuring of the school, the training of the teachers, theoretical support of the universities, elaboration of public policies and innovative pedagogical work.
The intellectual disability is a concept built for society in view of their historical-social values. As a consequence, the inclusion of the person with ID is something that is being structured daily, and the interpretations about what is included vary according to the culture and the social context. In this scenario, Brazilian laws and decrees are modified so that the right of access to the school is common to all human beings, but it is known that public policies are necessary to make legislation effective in the face of the challenges of the archaic model school. The main objective of this work is to investigate the scientific and / or academic production on the inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in regular education using as methodology the State of Art or Knowledge in the research presented in the SCIELO and LILACS Platform between 1994 and 2017, using the following descriptors: inclusion of the person with intellectual disability, inclusion of the student with intellectual disability, intellectual disability and inclusion, intellectual disability in school. Through the works found, it was possible to identify that five pillars are necessary to sustain and to effect the inclusion of the student with ID, the restructuring of the school, the training of the teachers, theoretical support of the universities, elaboration of public policies and innovative pedagogical work.
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Palavras-chave
Inclusão educacional, Deficiência Intelectual, Escola regular, Estado da arte, Educational Inclusion, Intellectual Disability, Regular School, State of Art