Avaliação funcional do equilíbrio e da sensibilidade cutânea plantar de idosos moradores na comunidade
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Data
2010-04-01
Autores
Bretan, Onivaldo [UNESP]
Pinheiro, Rafael Martins [UNESP]
Corrente, José Eduardo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervicofacial
Resumo
Desequilíbrio é um dos muitos fatores de risco que aumenta a susceptibilidade de um idoso a quedas. O equilíbrio pode ser avaliado mediante testes posturais e de sensibilidade plantar. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ocorrência de desequilíbrio e perda de sensibilidade cutânea plantar em idosos da comunidade e verificar a existência de associação entre ambas as alterações. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal descritivo envolvendo 45 idosos submetidos à escala de equilíbrio de Berg (EEB) e ao teste de sensibilidade plantar com monofilamento de nylon. Foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher e elaboradas curvas ROC para estudo da sensibilidade e especificidade da EEB. RESULTADOS: Idosos com alteração do equilíbrio e da sensibilidade cutânea foram em número de 2 e 4, respectivamente. Houve associação significativa entre queixa de desequilíbrio e perda da sensibilidade (p = 0,047) e ocorreu concordância razoável (Kappa: 0,6457) entre a EEB e o teste da sensibilidade. Verificou-se também associação significativa entre 6 dos 14 tarefas da EEB e o teste sensorial. CONCLUSÃO: Idosos vivendo com independência na comunidade, em sua maioria, apresentam equilíbrio e sensibilidade cutânea plantar normais. Quando alteradas estas funções mostram-se associadas de forma que, se os testes forem realizados conjuntamente, a precisão da avaliação do equilíbrio idoso aumenta.
Impaired balance is one of several factors that increase an elderly's susceptibility to falls. Balance assessment can be performed using postural tests and plantar cutaneous sensitivity tests. AIM: To assess balance disorders and loss of plantar cutaneous sensitivity in the elderly and look for association between these alterations. MATERIALS and METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 45 elderly submitted to the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the plantar sensitivity test with nylon monofilament. We used chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, and ROC curves were created in order to study the sensitivity and specificity of BBS. RESULTS: Two and 4 individuals showed balance and cutaneous sensation disorders, respectively. There was a significant association between the complaint of impaired balance and loss of skin sensitivity (p = 0.047), and there was a reasonable agreement (Kappa: 0.6457) between the BBS and the sensorial test. A significant association was also found among 6 of the 14 BBS tasks and the sensitivity test. CONCLUSION: Most of the elderly living independently in the community showed normal balance and plantar cutaneous sensation. When impaired, these functions appeared associated in a way that if the tests are performed together, the accuracy of the evaluation of the balance increases.
Impaired balance is one of several factors that increase an elderly's susceptibility to falls. Balance assessment can be performed using postural tests and plantar cutaneous sensitivity tests. AIM: To assess balance disorders and loss of plantar cutaneous sensitivity in the elderly and look for association between these alterations. MATERIALS and METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 45 elderly submitted to the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the plantar sensitivity test with nylon monofilament. We used chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, and ROC curves were created in order to study the sensitivity and specificity of BBS. RESULTS: Two and 4 individuals showed balance and cutaneous sensation disorders, respectively. There was a significant association between the complaint of impaired balance and loss of skin sensitivity (p = 0.047), and there was a reasonable agreement (Kappa: 0.6457) between the BBS and the sensorial test. A significant association was also found among 6 of the 14 BBS tasks and the sensitivity test. CONCLUSION: Most of the elderly living independently in the community showed normal balance and plantar cutaneous sensation. When impaired, these functions appeared associated in a way that if the tests are performed together, the accuracy of the evaluation of the balance increases.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
idoso, postura, saúde pública, elderly, posture, public health
Como citar
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervicofacial, v. 76, n. 2, p. 219-224, 2010.