O estudo geoecológico como proposta para a criação de parques lineares em microbacias urbanas: um diagnóstico nas paisagens dos córregos Águas da Veada e Furnas do município de Ourinhos/SP
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Data
2018-10-26
Autores
Moraes, Weslei Reghini de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho propõe um estudo sobre a viabilidade da criação de parques lineares na paisagem urbana dos córregos Águas da Veada e Furnas no município de Ourinhos/SP. Em 2006 o plano diretor, instrumento fundamental do planejamento urbano, apresentado pelo Poder Público previa a criação de parques lineares no entorno dos recursos hídricos urbanos, surgiu então a oportunidade de pesquisar sobre este tema, buscando soluções para os problemas socioambientais e econômicos relacionados à questão dos parques lineares. A partir de 2008, empregando verbas federais do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento, Ourinhos canalizou parte de seus cursos hídricos urbanos, dentre eles o córrego Furnas, porém, os parques lineares não foram implantados. A partir da Abordagem Sistêmica da Paisagem, como fundamentação teórica, foi conduzida a pesquisa para propor ações concretas no sentido de criar os referidos parques. Ao longo do trabalho constatou-se que estes fazem parte dos espaços livres urbanos e têm capacidade de proporcionar benefícios como recuperação paisagística e ambiental, conectar fragmentos de vegetação nativa e favorecer o lazer conjugado ao desenvolvimento de atividades econômicas. Todo material bibliográfico básico ao desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi levantado e, mapeamentos sobre a evolução da mancha urbana, uso e ocupação do solo, espaços livres e seus raios de influência, arborização urbana e verde viário foram elaborados a fim de averiguar as potencialidades e fragilidades paisagísticas das microbacias em estudo. Após a etapa de gabinete, visitas de campo proporcionaram uma análise mais detalhada dos processos ambientais presentes em cada microbacia. Todo este trabalho culminou nos estados geoecológicos da paisagem e em croquis simulando os parques lineares propostos. Ficou evidente há grandes possibilidades de criação de parques lineares, porém, o caráter participativo do plano diretor foi negligenciado, deixando a população à margem das decisões e das ações a serem tomadas, logo, espera-se que esta pesquisa possa ajudar no fortalecimento da participação popular e na efetiva criação dos parques lineares.
This work proposes a study on the viability of the creation of linear parks in the urban landscape of the streams Águas da Veada and Furnas in the municipality of Ourinhos/SP. In 2006, the master plan, a key instrument of urban planning, presented by the Government provided for the creation of linear parks in the vicinity of urban water resources, the opportunity arose to research on this topic, seeking solutions to the socio-environmental and economic problems related to the issue of linear parks. From 2008, using federal funds from the Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC), Ourinhos channeled part of its urban waterways, including the Furnas stream, however, the linear parks were not implemented. From the Systemic Approach to the Landscape, as a theoretical basis, research was conducted to propose concrete actions to create such parks. Throughout the work it was found that these are part of the urban spaces and have the capacity to provide benefits such as landscape and environmental recovery, connecting fragments of native vegetation and favor leisure combined with the development of economic activities. All basic bibliographical material for the development of the research was collected and mappings on the evolution of the urban spot, land use and occupation, free spaces and their influence rays, urban greening and road green were elaborated in order to ascertain the potentialities and landscape fragilities of the studied microcatchments. After the cabinet stage, field visits provided a more detailed analysis of the environmental processes present in each microbasin. All this work culminated in the geoecological states of the landscape and in sketches simulating the proposed linear parks. However, the participative character of the master plan has been neglected, leaving the population to the margin of the decisions and the actions to be taken, so it is hoped that this research can help in the strengthening of the participation and the effective creation of linear parks.
This work proposes a study on the viability of the creation of linear parks in the urban landscape of the streams Águas da Veada and Furnas in the municipality of Ourinhos/SP. In 2006, the master plan, a key instrument of urban planning, presented by the Government provided for the creation of linear parks in the vicinity of urban water resources, the opportunity arose to research on this topic, seeking solutions to the socio-environmental and economic problems related to the issue of linear parks. From 2008, using federal funds from the Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC), Ourinhos channeled part of its urban waterways, including the Furnas stream, however, the linear parks were not implemented. From the Systemic Approach to the Landscape, as a theoretical basis, research was conducted to propose concrete actions to create such parks. Throughout the work it was found that these are part of the urban spaces and have the capacity to provide benefits such as landscape and environmental recovery, connecting fragments of native vegetation and favor leisure combined with the development of economic activities. All basic bibliographical material for the development of the research was collected and mappings on the evolution of the urban spot, land use and occupation, free spaces and their influence rays, urban greening and road green were elaborated in order to ascertain the potentialities and landscape fragilities of the studied microcatchments. After the cabinet stage, field visits provided a more detailed analysis of the environmental processes present in each microbasin. All this work culminated in the geoecological states of the landscape and in sketches simulating the proposed linear parks. However, the participative character of the master plan has been neglected, leaving the population to the margin of the decisions and the actions to be taken, so it is hoped that this research can help in the strengthening of the participation and the effective creation of linear parks.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Parques lineares, Ourinhos, Abordagem sistêmica da paisagem, Planejamento urbano, Linear parks, Systemic approach to the landscape, Urban planning