Produção de biomassa algal e extração de óleo a partir da microalga Chlorella Vulgaris
Carregando...
Data
2018-12-12
Autores
Moraes, Gisely Souza Campos
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A microalga Chlorella possui ácidos graxos poli-insaturados, vitaminas e alto conteúdo proteico. Desse modo, estudos recentes têm explorado o uso de microalgas para obtenção de lipídios, principalmente os de maior valor comercial como o ácido ɣ-linolênico. Estre trabalho objetivou propor um método de cultivo para a microalga Chlorella vulgaris e extração do óleo. Os experimentos foram realizados em duplicata de acordo com o arranjo ortogonal de Taguchi, a partir da qual foram organizadas duas etapas: na primeira foram viabilizados cultivos nos quais os fatores de interesse pudessem ser avaliados em dois níveis de operação: Aeração (1,67 e 3,33L/min), NO3 (0,25 e 0,50 g/L), PO4 -3 (0,35 e 0,65 g/L), NaHCO3 (0,25 e 0,50 g/L), intensidade de luz (0,85 e 14,50 K luz) e fotoperíodo (12 e 24 h). Em tal etapa correu também a colheita, floculação, secagem e moagem da biomassa. Na segunda etapa foram realizadas as extrações lipídicas de acordo com e uso de solventes como o clorofórmio e metanol, utilizou-se também o banho de ultrassom para as extrações dos teores lipídicos. Obteve melhor resultado a concentração de biomassa algal, a qual atingiu a concentração de nitrato (0,50 g/L), concentração de bicarbonato de sódio (0,50 g/L), fosfato (0,65 g/L) e fotoperíodo de 12 em 12hs. O melhor resultado para a extração lipídica ocorreu conforme a metodologia de Zorn (2017), com aproximadamente 2,5% mais eficiente e obteve o seguinte resultado para os fatores, no nível alto são: aeração (3,33 L/min), nitrato (0,50g/L) e bicarbonato de sódio (0,50 g/L) e os seguintes fatores que se apresentou no nível baixo são: fosfato (0,35g/L), intensidade luminosa (0,85 k luz) e fotoperíodo (12 e 12). Com base no perfil de ácido graxo foi identificada a proporção dos ácidos graxos (27,72%) do palmítico; (7,34%) do oleico; (18,57%) do ácido linoleico e (16,41%) do ácido linolênico
The micro-algae Chlorella has polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and high protein content. Thus, recent studies have explored the use of microalgae to obtain lipids, especially those with higher commercial value such as β-linolenic acid. The objective of this work was to propose a method of cultivation for the microalga Chlorella vulgaris and extraction of the oil. The experiments were carried out in duplicate according to Taguchi's orthogonal arrangement, from which two stages were organized: in the first, cultures were feasible in which the factors of interest could be evaluated at two levels of operation: aeration (1.67 e 3.33L/min), PO4 -3 (0.35 and 0.65 g / L), NaHCO 3 (0.25 and 0.50 g / L), NO 3 (0.25 and 0.50 g / L) , light intensity (0.85 and 14.50 K light) and photoperiod (12 and 24 h). In this stage also the harvest, flocculation, drying and milling of the biomass took place. In the second stage, the lipid extractions were performed according to the use of solvents such as chloroform and methanol, and the ultrasonic bath was used to extract the lipid contents. The best results were the algal biomass concentration, which reached the concentration of nitrate (0.50 g / L), sodium bicarbonate (0.50 g / L), phosphate (0.65 g / L) and photoperiod every 12 hours The best result for the lipid extraction occurred according to the Zorn (2017) methodology, with approximately 2.5% more efficient and obtained the following result for the factors, at the high level are: aeration (3.33 L / min), nitrate (0.50 g / L) and sodium bicarbonate (0.50 g / L) and phosphate (0.35 g / L), light intensity (0.85 k photoperiod 12 and 12). Based on the fatty acid profile, the proportion of fatty acids (27.72%) of palmitic acid was identified; (7.34%) of the oleic; (18.57%) of linoleic acid and (16.41%) of linolenic acid
The micro-algae Chlorella has polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and high protein content. Thus, recent studies have explored the use of microalgae to obtain lipids, especially those with higher commercial value such as β-linolenic acid. The objective of this work was to propose a method of cultivation for the microalga Chlorella vulgaris and extraction of the oil. The experiments were carried out in duplicate according to Taguchi's orthogonal arrangement, from which two stages were organized: in the first, cultures were feasible in which the factors of interest could be evaluated at two levels of operation: aeration (1.67 e 3.33L/min), PO4 -3 (0.35 and 0.65 g / L), NaHCO 3 (0.25 and 0.50 g / L), NO 3 (0.25 and 0.50 g / L) , light intensity (0.85 and 14.50 K light) and photoperiod (12 and 24 h). In this stage also the harvest, flocculation, drying and milling of the biomass took place. In the second stage, the lipid extractions were performed according to the use of solvents such as chloroform and methanol, and the ultrasonic bath was used to extract the lipid contents. The best results were the algal biomass concentration, which reached the concentration of nitrate (0.50 g / L), sodium bicarbonate (0.50 g / L), phosphate (0.65 g / L) and photoperiod every 12 hours The best result for the lipid extraction occurred according to the Zorn (2017) methodology, with approximately 2.5% more efficient and obtained the following result for the factors, at the high level are: aeration (3.33 L / min), nitrate (0.50 g / L) and sodium bicarbonate (0.50 g / L) and phosphate (0.35 g / L), light intensity (0.85 k photoperiod 12 and 12). Based on the fatty acid profile, the proportion of fatty acids (27.72%) of palmitic acid was identified; (7.34%) of the oleic; (18.57%) of linoleic acid and (16.41%) of linolenic acid
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microalga, Chlorella vulgaris, extração lipídica, Planejamento de experimentos Taguchi., Biomassa, Planejamento experimental, Microalgae, lipid extraction, Planning of Taguchi experiments