Desempenho operacional e econômico de sistema de preparo profundo do solo em faixa no plantio mecanizado da cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2018-12-17
Autores
Martins, Murilo Battistuzzi [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os sistemas de preparo do solo para a cana-de-açúcar visam criar condições adequadas para o plantio e a condução da cultura ao longo do ciclo e em safras subsequentes. O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o desempenho operacional e econômico do sistema de preparo profundo do solo em faixa no plantio mecanizado da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi realizado no município de Lençóis Paulista – SP em um latossolo vermelho de textura média. Foram realizados dois sistemas de preparo do solo, sendo um deles o convencional e o outro o preparo profundo em faixa com haste subsoladora e enxada rotativa. O sistema de preparo convencional foi realizado com uma grade aradora, aplicação de calcário, subsolagem e canteirização, já o sistema de preparo profundo em faixa foi realizado com aplicação de calcário e preparo do solo com equipamento específico. O sistema de plantio foi o mecanizado para os dois tratamentos e foram avaliados o consumo de combustível, a qualidade do plantio, os parâmetros morfológicos da cultura e os custos operacionais dos sistemas de preparo e plantio mecanizado. O maior consumo de combustível no plantio mecanizado, ocorreu no preparo convencional, não havendo diferença para a qualidade do plantio e parâmetros morfológicos da cultura entre os tratamentos. O sistema de preparo profundo em faixa resultou em maior custo por hectare quando comparado com o sistema de preparo convencional do solo. Para análise da relação custo-benefício o sistema de preparo profundo em faixa foi mais viável, devido a maior produtividade obtida.
Soil preparation systems for sugar cane aim to create adequate conditions for planting and conducting the crop throughout the cycle and in subsequent crops. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the operational and economic performance of the strip deep tillage system and mechanized planting of sugarcane. The experiment was carried out in Lençóis Paulista - SP in a medium textured red latosol. Two soil preparation systems were used, one of which was conventional and the other was the deep tillage with subsoiler and rotary spade. The conventional tillage system was performed with a caterpillar grid, limestone application, subsoiling and canteirization, and the deep tillage system was carried out with limestone application and soil preparation with a specific equipment. The planting system was mechanized for both treatments. The fuel consumption of the farm operations performed in the experiment, the quality of the planting, the morphological parameters of the crop and the operational costs of the preparation and mechanized planting systems were evaluated. The highest fuel consumption in the mechanized planting occurred in the conventional preparation, with no difference to the quality of the planting and morphological parameters of the crop between the treatments. The system of deep tillage resulted in a higher cost per hectare when compared to the conventional tillage system. For the analysis of the cost-benefit ratio the deep tillage system was more viable, due to the higher productivity obtained.
Soil preparation systems for sugar cane aim to create adequate conditions for planting and conducting the crop throughout the cycle and in subsequent crops. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the operational and economic performance of the strip deep tillage system and mechanized planting of sugarcane. The experiment was carried out in Lençóis Paulista - SP in a medium textured red latosol. Two soil preparation systems were used, one of which was conventional and the other was the deep tillage with subsoiler and rotary spade. The conventional tillage system was performed with a caterpillar grid, limestone application, subsoiling and canteirization, and the deep tillage system was carried out with limestone application and soil preparation with a specific equipment. The planting system was mechanized for both treatments. The fuel consumption of the farm operations performed in the experiment, the quality of the planting, the morphological parameters of the crop and the operational costs of the preparation and mechanized planting systems were evaluated. The highest fuel consumption in the mechanized planting occurred in the conventional preparation, with no difference to the quality of the planting and morphological parameters of the crop between the treatments. The system of deep tillage resulted in a higher cost per hectare when compared to the conventional tillage system. For the analysis of the cost-benefit ratio the deep tillage system was more viable, due to the higher productivity obtained.
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Palavras-chave
Mecanização, Qualidade, Viabilidade econômica, Manejo de solo, Sacharum spp., Mechanization, Quality, Economic viability, Soil management, Sacharum spp.