O tratamento fisioterapêutico em pacientes com placa oclusal miorrelaxante na terapia da disfunção temporomandibular: estudo clínico randomizado
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Data
2018-11-27
Autores
Freitas, Carla Pereira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) tem etiologia multifatorial, alguns fatores: estresse, ansiedade, alterações na coluna cervical, trauma, doenças inflamatórias crônicas e má oclusão podem desencandea-lá. Os sintomas comumente apresentados pelos indivíduos com DTM são dores nos músculos da mastigação, limitação do movimento da articulação temporomandibular, crepitações articulares durante o movimento de abertura da mandíbula e alguns pacientes apresentam enxaquecas associadas a disfunção. Diversas terapias têm sido utilizadas no tratamento e a fisioterapia utiliza diferentes modalidades no tratamento da DTM, como exercícios terapêuticos, eletroestimulação, terapia manual, dentre outros. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a efetividade do tratamento fisioterapêutico associado à placa miorrelaxante para tratamento da DTM muscular. A amostra foi composta por 21 indivíduos, estes foram divididos aleatoriamente em G1 (placa oclusal) e G2 (placa oclusal associado à fisioterapia). A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o teste de Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, teste pós-hoc de Tukey e com significância de 5%. Os pacientes do grupo G2 receberam sessões de fisioterapia 2 vezes por semana, durante um período de 2 meses de tratamento, com duração de 30 min por sessão. Após o tratamento, observou-se que ambos os tratamentos foram eficazes quando considerado a Escala Visual Analógica da dor (EVA) sem que a fisioterapia mostrasse melhoras estatisticamente significativamente.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has a multifactorial etiology, some factors: stress, anxiety, changes in the cervical spine, trauma, chronic inflammatory diseases and malocclusion can desencandea there. Symptoms commonly displayed by TMD patients are pain in the masticatory muscles, limitation of motion of the temporomandibular joint, crepitation joint during the opening movement of the jaw and some patients have headache associated with dysfunction. Several therapies have been used in the treatment and physiotherapy uses different modalities in the treatment of TMD, such as therapeutic exercises, electrostimulation, manual therapy, among others. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the physiotherapeutic treatment associated to the myorelaxant plaque for the treatment of muscular TMD. The sample consisted of 21 individuals, these were randomly divided into G1 (occlusal split) and G2 (occlusal split associated with physical therapy). Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, ANOVA, Tukey posthoc test and with a significance of 5%. Patients in the G2 group received physiotherapy sessions twice weekly during a 2-month treatment period, lasting 30 minutes per session. After the treatment, it was observed that both treatments were considered effective when the Visual Analog Scale pain (VAS) without physical therapy showed statistically significant improvements
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has a multifactorial etiology, some factors: stress, anxiety, changes in the cervical spine, trauma, chronic inflammatory diseases and malocclusion can desencandea there. Symptoms commonly displayed by TMD patients are pain in the masticatory muscles, limitation of motion of the temporomandibular joint, crepitation joint during the opening movement of the jaw and some patients have headache associated with dysfunction. Several therapies have been used in the treatment and physiotherapy uses different modalities in the treatment of TMD, such as therapeutic exercises, electrostimulation, manual therapy, among others. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the physiotherapeutic treatment associated to the myorelaxant plaque for the treatment of muscular TMD. The sample consisted of 21 individuals, these were randomly divided into G1 (occlusal split) and G2 (occlusal split associated with physical therapy). Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, ANOVA, Tukey posthoc test and with a significance of 5%. Patients in the G2 group received physiotherapy sessions twice weekly during a 2-month treatment period, lasting 30 minutes per session. After the treatment, it was observed that both treatments were considered effective when the Visual Analog Scale pain (VAS) without physical therapy showed statistically significant improvements
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Palavras-chave
Músculos mastigatórios, Dor facial, Terapia, Fisioterapia, Masticatory muscles, Facial pain, Therapy, Physiotherapy