Estudo de viabilidade técnica e econômica para a implantação de um sistema híbrido de geração de energia elétrica no Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia de Roraima – Campus Amajarí
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Data
2019-02-07
Autores
Almeida, Sidarta Gautama de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o crescente aumento da demanda nacional de energia elétrica, da preocupação com os impactos ao meio ambiente e dos custos da energia proveniente da queima de combustiveis fosseis, usados para complementar a matriz energética brasileira e que a cada ano a sua utilização mostra-se cada vez mais inviável. É de extrema importância e indispensável que a adoção de novas alternativas de produção de energia capazes de suprir essa crescente demanda, sejam ao mesmo tempo confiável, econômica e sustentável. Neste contexto, o presente projeto de pesquisa busca, por intermédio da aplicação de um estudo de caso, realizar uma análise de viabilidade técnica e econômica para o aproveitamento da energia solar e eólica como alternativa energética renovável no Instituto Federal de Roraima – Campus Amajarí, localizado no norte do Estado de Roraima a 3°37‘55” de latitude Norte, 61°24‘41” de longitude oeste e altitude média de 88 m. A partir da análise preliminar realizada com base nos dados da irradiação solar e velocidade do vento coletados da estação de meteorologia instalada no IFRR – Campus Amajarí, entre os anos de 2015 a 2018, foi constatado que a variação mensal da irradiação solar diária se mantém em valores altos no decorrer do ano com média anual de 5,26kWh/m².dia. Quanto a análise dos registros da velocidade do vento, registrou-se uma velocidade média de 1,94m/s, com a predominância do regime de ventos abaixo de 1 m/s e uma densidade média de potência eólica igual a 17W/m, demonstrando um baixo potencial para o aproveitamento eólico. A respeito do estudo da viabilidade econômica para os diferentes cenários propostos, foram utilizados três indicadores econômicos: o payback, o valor presente líquido (VPL) e a taxa interna de retorno (TIR). Conforme a análise do payback descontado, o investimento será rentável entre 9 a 10 anos para o cenário 1 e 7 a 8 anos para o cenário 2 e 3, período em que o VPL passa a ser positivo, o que representa um tempo de retorno pequeno em relação à vida útil de 25 anos do sistema. Para que o tempo de retorno sobre o investimento do SFCR seja cada vez menor, é necessário que as várias imposições econômicas governamentais sejam reduzidas através de medidas de políticas fiscais e de financiamento. Assim, será possível tornar o investimento cada vez mais atrativo.
With the increase in the demand for electric energy, combustion caused damages to the environment and the costs of the energy from the combustion of combustion, was used to complement the Brazilian energy matrix and that each year is an operation becomes increasingly unfeasible. It is extremely important and essential that an adoption of new energy production alternatives be able to expand, be sustainable, economical and sustainable. This study, the present in this case, the inter-application of the case of the experimental case in the development of economical energy and wind like the case of solar energy and wind and alternative in renewable at the Federal Institute of Roraima - Campus Amajarí, located in the north of the State of Roraima at 3°37'55 "north latitude, 61°24'41" west longitude and average altitude of 88 m. From the preliminary analysis carried out based on data from the solar irradiation and wind speed of the meteorological station installed in the IFRR - Campus Amajarí, between the years of 2015 to 2018, it was verified that a monthly variation of the daily solar irradiation remains in values during the year with an annual average of 5.26kWh /m².day. As one of the series of wind speed records, an average of 1,94 m / s was recorded, with a predominance of winds below 1 m/s and an average wind power of 17 W/m, demonstrating low potential for wind farms. The study of financial viability for the different hypotheses has been one of the most profitable indicators: return, net present value (VPL) and an internal rate of return (TIR). According to the return analysis, the investment will be profitable between 9 and 10 years for scenarios 1 and 7 to 8 years for scenario 2 and 3, during which time the VPL is positive, which represents a small return time in life of the system. With regard to the return on investment of SFCR, it is necessary that it be done based on the exercise of SFCR. Thus, it will be possible to make discussion more and more attractive.
With the increase in the demand for electric energy, combustion caused damages to the environment and the costs of the energy from the combustion of combustion, was used to complement the Brazilian energy matrix and that each year is an operation becomes increasingly unfeasible. It is extremely important and essential that an adoption of new energy production alternatives be able to expand, be sustainable, economical and sustainable. This study, the present in this case, the inter-application of the case of the experimental case in the development of economical energy and wind like the case of solar energy and wind and alternative in renewable at the Federal Institute of Roraima - Campus Amajarí, located in the north of the State of Roraima at 3°37'55 "north latitude, 61°24'41" west longitude and average altitude of 88 m. From the preliminary analysis carried out based on data from the solar irradiation and wind speed of the meteorological station installed in the IFRR - Campus Amajarí, between the years of 2015 to 2018, it was verified that a monthly variation of the daily solar irradiation remains in values during the year with an annual average of 5.26kWh /m².day. As one of the series of wind speed records, an average of 1,94 m / s was recorded, with a predominance of winds below 1 m/s and an average wind power of 17 W/m, demonstrating low potential for wind farms. The study of financial viability for the different hypotheses has been one of the most profitable indicators: return, net present value (VPL) and an internal rate of return (TIR). According to the return analysis, the investment will be profitable between 9 and 10 years for scenarios 1 and 7 to 8 years for scenario 2 and 3, during which time the VPL is positive, which represents a small return time in life of the system. With regard to the return on investment of SFCR, it is necessary that it be done based on the exercise of SFCR. Thus, it will be possible to make discussion more and more attractive.
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Palavras-chave
Radiação solar, Energia solar, Velocidade do vento, Energia eólica, Viabilidade técnica-econômica, Solar radiation, Solar energy, Wind speed, Wind energy, Technical feasibility, Viabilidade econômica, Energia - Consumo