Eficácia no controle do euschistus heros fabricius (Hemiptera: pentatomidae) na cultura da soja com liberação de telenomus podisi ashmead (Hymenoptera: platygastridae
Data
2018-07-30
Autores
Pernambuco Filho, José Carlos de Almeida
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O parasitoide de ovos Telenomus podisi é um agente de controle biológico de Euschistus heros, e tem potencial de ser utilizado como ferramenta no programa de controle biológico aplicado deste inseto-praga, contribuindo para a adoção do MIP na cultura da soja. O percevejo-marrom, E. heros, é considerado uma das pragas-chave da cultura da soja e se alimenta diretamente das vagens afetando seriamente a produtividade. O controle da praga tem sido realizado pelo uso exclusivo de inseticidas sintéticos, muitas vezes de forma errônea e excessiva. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia da liberação de diferentes quantidades de T. podisi para o controle de E. heros na cultura da soja. Os experimentos foram realizados em campos comerciais de produção de soja na safra 2017/18. Foram instaladas três áreas experimentais em localidades diferentes, sendo cada área composta por 25 ha. Os experimentos foram realizados em: Pardinho - SP na Fazenda Santa Fé, Tatuí - SP, Fazenda Dois Lagos e Angatuba - SP, Fazenda Santa Irene. O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Foram realizadas três liberações em cada tratamento. Os tratamentos foram: T1 - 2.000 ovos, T2 - 3.500 ovos, T3 - 5.000 ovos, T4 - 6.500 ovos e T5 - testemunha sem liberação. A liberação dos parasitoides adultos foi manual e o caminhamento foi realizado no centro das parcelas formando uma circunferência de 15 metros de raio e as liberações concentraram-se na faixa central das parcelas, considerando a capacidade de dispersão do T. podisi. A contagem das ninfas e adultos do percevejo em cada área experimental foi realizada com amostragens utilizando o método de pano-de-batida. Em cada parcela foram realizadas quatro amostragens em caminhamento em zigue-zague, distribuídos em 20 pontos. O parasitoide de ovos, T. podisi tem efeito no controle do percevejo-marrom, reduzindo o número de indivíduos em relação à testemunha. No entanto, apenas quando foram liberados 6.500 adultos houve diferença estatística nas três áreas experimentais, confirmando que esta quantidade de T. podisi é eficaz para utilização no controle biológico aplicado de E. heros para cultura da soja.
The egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi is a biological control agent of Euschistus heros and has the potential to be a tool in the biological control program applied for this insect pests, contributing to the adoption of IPM in the soybean crop. The brown stink bug, E. heros, is considered one of the key pests of soybean cultivation, and feeds directly from the pods seriously affecting productivity. The control of pest has been done exclusively by the use of chemical insecticides, often erroneously and excessively. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the release of different amounts of T. podisi for the control of E. heros in the soybean crop. The experiments were carried out in commercial fields of soy production in the 2017/18 harvest. Three experimental areas were installed in different locations, each area consisting of 25 ha. The experiments were carried out in: Pardinho - SP at Fazenda Santa Fé, Tatuí - SP, Fazenda Dois Lagos and Angatuba - SP, Fazenda Santa Irene. The experimental design was made in randomized blocks with five treatments and five replicates. Three releases were performed in each treatment. The treatments were: T1 - 2,000 eggs, T2 - 3,500 eggs, T3 - 5,000 eggs, T4 - 6,500 eggs and T5 - control without release. The release of the adult parasitoids was performed manually and the walking was in the center of the plots forming a circumference of 15 meters radius, concentrated in the central range of the plots considering the dispersion capacity of the T. podisi. The count of the nymphs and adults of the bedbug in each experimental area was performed with samplings using the cloth-of-beat method. In each plot, four zigzag walking samplings were performed, distributed in 20 points. The egg parasitoid, T. podisi has an effect on the control of the brown stink bug, reducing the number of individuals in relation to the control. However, only when 6,500 adults were released there were statistical differences in the three experimental areas confirming that this amount of T. podisi is effective for the use in the applied biological control of E. heros for soybean cultivation
The egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi is a biological control agent of Euschistus heros and has the potential to be a tool in the biological control program applied for this insect pests, contributing to the adoption of IPM in the soybean crop. The brown stink bug, E. heros, is considered one of the key pests of soybean cultivation, and feeds directly from the pods seriously affecting productivity. The control of pest has been done exclusively by the use of chemical insecticides, often erroneously and excessively. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the release of different amounts of T. podisi for the control of E. heros in the soybean crop. The experiments were carried out in commercial fields of soy production in the 2017/18 harvest. Three experimental areas were installed in different locations, each area consisting of 25 ha. The experiments were carried out in: Pardinho - SP at Fazenda Santa Fé, Tatuí - SP, Fazenda Dois Lagos and Angatuba - SP, Fazenda Santa Irene. The experimental design was made in randomized blocks with five treatments and five replicates. Three releases were performed in each treatment. The treatments were: T1 - 2,000 eggs, T2 - 3,500 eggs, T3 - 5,000 eggs, T4 - 6,500 eggs and T5 - control without release. The release of the adult parasitoids was performed manually and the walking was in the center of the plots forming a circumference of 15 meters radius, concentrated in the central range of the plots considering the dispersion capacity of the T. podisi. The count of the nymphs and adults of the bedbug in each experimental area was performed with samplings using the cloth-of-beat method. In each plot, four zigzag walking samplings were performed, distributed in 20 points. The egg parasitoid, T. podisi has an effect on the control of the brown stink bug, reducing the number of individuals in relation to the control. However, only when 6,500 adults were released there were statistical differences in the three experimental areas confirming that this amount of T. podisi is effective for the use in the applied biological control of E. heros for soybean cultivation
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Controle biológico aplicado. Parasitoides. Manejo integrado de pragas.