Nanopartículas magnéticas funcionalizadas com copolímero PCL-co-PEGMA-ácido fólico para liberação controlada de metotrexato
Carregando...
Data
2019-02-22
Autores
Brandt, João Victor
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O câncer é responsável por uma alta taxa de mortalidade e é considerado um problema de saúde pública. Entre os vários métodos de tratamento antineoplásico, a quimioterapia é a mais utilizada. A fim de reduzir os efeitos colaterais provocados pela quimioterapia, o uso de plataformas nanométricas de liberação permite uma ação em locais específicos, tornando o tratamento mais eficiente para os pacientes. Diversas nanoplataformas são reportadas na literatura para o tratamento do câncer e dentre estas, as nanopartículas magnéticas funcionalizadas com copolímeros em bloco possibilitam a interação simultânea com fármacos hidrofóbicos e hidrofílicos. A avaliação das propriedades dessas plataformas possibilita otimizar sua ação no corpo humano, aumentando o tempo de circulação e seu direcionamento para regiões específicas no organismo. A eficiência de incorporação e o perfil de liberação controlada é estritamente dependente do tamanho, morfologia e das interações dos blocos do copolímero. A aplicação dessas nanopartículas é promissora no desenvolvimento de sistemas de liberação de fármacos. Com a redução dos efeitos colaterais, devido ao uso dessas nanoplataformas, permitirá ao paciente um tratamento menos agressivo e mais eficiente, melhorando sua qualidade de vida. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a síntese de uma nanoplataforma híbrida composta de um núcleo inorgânico e uma casca polimérica. O núcleo inorgânico é composto por óxido de ferro (magnetita) e a casca orgânica é composta pelo copolímero em bloco PCL-co-PEGMA modificado com ácido fólico. Espectroscopias na região do infravermelho e de ressonância magnética nuclear permitiram confirmar a obtenção da nanoplataforma conforme mencionado. Foram obtidas partículas com aproximadamente 180 nm estáveis em pH fisiológico, possibilitando sua aplicação em diferentes regiões do corpo humano. A eficiência de incorporação do metotrexato foi de aproximadamente 96%. Os ensaios de liberação do fármaco indicaram que a nanoplataforma é menos ativa em pH próximo a 2 (pH encontrado no fluido gástrico no estômago) enquanto a presença de glutationa reduzida aumenta a liberação de metotrexato, atingindo quase 50% de liberação de metotrexato após 96 horas (4 dias) de análise. A eficiência da nanoplataforma permite identificar sua potencialidade como sistema de liberação controlada.
Cancer is responsible for many fatalities and it’s considered a public health problem. Among several methods of antineoplastic treatments, the chemotherapy is the most used. To reduce the side effects caused by chemotherapy, the use of nanometric release platforms allows action in specific sites targets, making the cancer treatment more efficient for patients. Its reported in the literature many kinds of nanoparticles that can be used in cancer treatment, but the block copolymer functionalized magnetic nanoparticles stand out due to their simultaneous interaction with hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. The evaluation of the properties of these platforms allows optimizing their action in the human body, enabling more time of circulation and targeting a specific region in the organism. The incorporation efficiency and the controlled release profile is strictly dependent on the size, morphology, and interactions of the copolymer blocks. The application of these nanoplatforms is promising in the development of drug delivery systems. Because the reduction of side effects, due to the use of these nanoplataforms, it will allow the patient a less aggressive and more efficient treatment, improving the life’s quality. In this work, we studied the synthesis of a hybrid nanoplatform composed of an inorganic core and a polymeric shell. The inorganic core is composed of iron oxide (magnetite) and the organic shell is composed of the PCL-co-PEGMA block copolymer modified with folic acid. Infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance allowed the confirmation of the nanoplatform synthesis. Particles around 180 nm stable at physiological pH was obtained, allowing its application in different regions of the human body. The incorporation efficiency of methotrexate was approximately 96%. The drug delivery assays indicated that the nanoplatform is less active at pH values close to 2 (pH value found in stomach gastric fluid) in the meanwhile the presence of reduced glutathione enhanced the methotrexate release, reaching almost 50% methotrexate liberation after 96 hours (4 days) of analysis. The efficiency of the nanoplatform allowed to identify its potential as a controlled drug delivery system.
Cancer is responsible for many fatalities and it’s considered a public health problem. Among several methods of antineoplastic treatments, the chemotherapy is the most used. To reduce the side effects caused by chemotherapy, the use of nanometric release platforms allows action in specific sites targets, making the cancer treatment more efficient for patients. Its reported in the literature many kinds of nanoparticles that can be used in cancer treatment, but the block copolymer functionalized magnetic nanoparticles stand out due to their simultaneous interaction with hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. The evaluation of the properties of these platforms allows optimizing their action in the human body, enabling more time of circulation and targeting a specific region in the organism. The incorporation efficiency and the controlled release profile is strictly dependent on the size, morphology, and interactions of the copolymer blocks. The application of these nanoplatforms is promising in the development of drug delivery systems. Because the reduction of side effects, due to the use of these nanoplataforms, it will allow the patient a less aggressive and more efficient treatment, improving the life’s quality. In this work, we studied the synthesis of a hybrid nanoplatform composed of an inorganic core and a polymeric shell. The inorganic core is composed of iron oxide (magnetite) and the organic shell is composed of the PCL-co-PEGMA block copolymer modified with folic acid. Infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance allowed the confirmation of the nanoplatform synthesis. Particles around 180 nm stable at physiological pH was obtained, allowing its application in different regions of the human body. The incorporation efficiency of methotrexate was approximately 96%. The drug delivery assays indicated that the nanoplatform is less active at pH values close to 2 (pH value found in stomach gastric fluid) in the meanwhile the presence of reduced glutathione enhanced the methotrexate release, reaching almost 50% methotrexate liberation after 96 hours (4 days) of analysis. The efficiency of the nanoplatform allowed to identify its potential as a controlled drug delivery system.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nanopartículas híbridas, Caroço@casca, Liberação controlada, Metotrexato, Hybrid nanoparticles, Core@Shell, Methotrexate, Controlled release