Uso de melaço de cana-de-açúcar "in natura" e hidrolisado no cultivo da microalga Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reinsch) Korshikov em meios alternativos
Carregando...
Data
2019-02-28
Autores
Tedesque, Mayara Galatti
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O trabalho objetiva avaliar a importância do uso do melaço de cana de açúcar como fonte de carbono e plantas aquáticas (macrófitas) como meio de cultura no crescimento, aspectos biológicos e bioquímicos da microalga Chlorophyceae Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reinsch) Korshikov cultivada em sistema “indoor”. Para avaliação do desenvolvimento de A. gracilis foram utilizados sete diferentes meios de cultura, um comercial (CHU12), outro com fertilizante inorgânico (NPK, 20:5:20) e cinco meios de cultura de macrófitas são elas: Eichhornia crassipes, Eichhornia azurea, Lemna minor, Salvinia auriculata e Azolla filiculoides. Foi obtido para A. gracilis nos meios de macrófitas parâmetros de crescimento similares ou superiores ao meio comercial e de fertilizante inorgânico sendo que no meio de cultura A. filiculoides foi observado o melhor desempenho. No entanto, em termos de densidade celular o meio de cultura L. minor apresentou valores mais elevados dentre os meios de macrófitas. Comparando as duas formas de melaço utilizadas, exceto no meio de fertilizante inorgânicos (NPK), na forma “in natura” foi obtido os melhores resultados para crescimento de A. gracilis nas condições utilizadas. Os teores macro e micronutrientes nas plantas apresentaram efeitos diretos no desempenho da microalga principalmente, em relação ao N, P e K que foram mais elevados nos meios de macrófitas L. minor e A. filiculoides. Comparando o cultivo autotrófico com mixotrófico foi observado que a densidade celular da microalga A. gracilis foi mais elevada para o cultivo autotrófico, porém o meio CHU12 apresentou a maior densidade celular em cultivo mixotrófico “in natura”. Os teores de proteína foram mais elevados para o cultivo autotrófico em meio NPK, os teores de lipídios foram mais elevados no cultivo mixotrófico “in natura” em meio de Azolla sp.. O meio NPK apresentou altas concentrações de fósforo total nos dois cultivos tanto autotrófico quanto mixotrófico (“in natura” e hidrolisado), o meio CHU12 apresenta aumento de fósforo no cultivo mixotrófico. O nitrogênio inorgânico total tendeu a ser mais elevado no cultivo mixotrófico. Os resultados demostram que a microalga A. gracilis apresentou bons biomassa de qualidade quando cultivada no cultivo mixotrófico, a variedades dos meios de culturas apresentam diferentes resultados nos parâmetros da microalga, sendo que a utilização da biomassa algal deve ser predestinada, pois cada cultivo e cada meio de cultura apresentou um composto elevado diferente.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the growth, biological and biochemical aspects of the microalgae Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reinsch) Korshikov in culture medium composed of organic waste trough autotrophic and mixotrophic culture. Seven culture medium were tested: a commercial one (CHU12) and another composed of an inorganic fertilizer (NPK 20:5:20); and other five medium composed of the following macrophyte species: Eichhornia crassipes, Eichhornia azurea, Lemna minor, Salvinia auriculata and Azolla filiculoides. The macrophyte were chosen based on their availability in the region, and among them just S. auriculata was not already employed as culture medium. Cane molasse (in natura and hydrolyzed) was added to the macrophyte medium in order to increase the carbon content. A. gracilis growth on the macrophyte medium was similar or even superior than observed on the commercial medium and the NPK. The best performance was achieved with the A. filiculoides medium. However, regarding to cell density, L. minor has achieved the best performance. In regard to cane molasse, the in natura form displayed the best performance, except when added to the NPK medium. The macro and micronutrient content in the macrophytes were also analyzed. The main feature observed was a higher content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in the macrophyte L. minor and A. filiculoides, which presented direct effects on the development of the microalgae. Through comparison between autotrophic and mixotrophic culture was observed that the autotrophic culture presented higher A. gracilis cell density. However, the highest cell density was obtained with CHU12 in mixotrophic culture. The higher protein level was obtained with the autotrophic culture on NPK medium. The Azolla sp. medium with mixotrophic in natura culture presented the higher lipids content. The NPK medium presented higher phosphorous concentration on both autotrophic and mixotrophic cultures (in natura and hidrolyzed), while CHU12 medium presented an increase in phosphorous on the mixotrophic culture. The total inorganic nitrogen was higher on the mixotrophic culture. Through the results interpretation, the cane molasse use in A. gracilis culture can be added to the culture medium as carbon source. Since this substrate presents a variability in results depending the chosen culture, the purpose of algae biomass use must be planned accordingly, based on evidence that each culture presented distinct features.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the growth, biological and biochemical aspects of the microalgae Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reinsch) Korshikov in culture medium composed of organic waste trough autotrophic and mixotrophic culture. Seven culture medium were tested: a commercial one (CHU12) and another composed of an inorganic fertilizer (NPK 20:5:20); and other five medium composed of the following macrophyte species: Eichhornia crassipes, Eichhornia azurea, Lemna minor, Salvinia auriculata and Azolla filiculoides. The macrophyte were chosen based on their availability in the region, and among them just S. auriculata was not already employed as culture medium. Cane molasse (in natura and hydrolyzed) was added to the macrophyte medium in order to increase the carbon content. A. gracilis growth on the macrophyte medium was similar or even superior than observed on the commercial medium and the NPK. The best performance was achieved with the A. filiculoides medium. However, regarding to cell density, L. minor has achieved the best performance. In regard to cane molasse, the in natura form displayed the best performance, except when added to the NPK medium. The macro and micronutrient content in the macrophytes were also analyzed. The main feature observed was a higher content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in the macrophyte L. minor and A. filiculoides, which presented direct effects on the development of the microalgae. Through comparison between autotrophic and mixotrophic culture was observed that the autotrophic culture presented higher A. gracilis cell density. However, the highest cell density was obtained with CHU12 in mixotrophic culture. The higher protein level was obtained with the autotrophic culture on NPK medium. The Azolla sp. medium with mixotrophic in natura culture presented the higher lipids content. The NPK medium presented higher phosphorous concentration on both autotrophic and mixotrophic cultures (in natura and hidrolyzed), while CHU12 medium presented an increase in phosphorous on the mixotrophic culture. The total inorganic nitrogen was higher on the mixotrophic culture. Through the results interpretation, the cane molasse use in A. gracilis culture can be added to the culture medium as carbon source. Since this substrate presents a variability in results depending the chosen culture, the purpose of algae biomass use must be planned accordingly, based on evidence that each culture presented distinct features.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
CHU12, NPK, Macrófitas, Crescimento, Condições bioquímicas e biológicas