Agentes territoriais na implementação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) nos municípios de Mirante do Paranapanema e Rosana (SP)
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Data
2019-01-28
Autores
Silva, Eliane Regina Francisco da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal identificar e analisar os impactos socioterritoriais do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) na dinâmica local dos municípios de Mirante do Paranapanema e Rosana (SP). A tese que defendemos é a de que falta uma maior e/ou melhor articulação entre os agentes territoriais beneficiários, os agentes territoriais institucionais e os agentes territoriais organizacionais ou mediadores nos municípios pesquisados para a maior eficiência na implementação do PAA e do PNAE. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, coleta de dados de fontes secundária e primária, por meio de entrevistas com os agentes territoriais beneficiários, institucionais e organizacionais ou mediadores. Verificou-se com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa no supracitado recorte espacial de estudo que mesmo diante de algumas limitações, as referidas políticas públicas são de fundamental importância para pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade alimentar e nutricional, alunos, dentre outros, e para os agricultores familiares, pois consiste numa alternativa para a permanência destes no campo e para a melhoria de suas condições socioeconômicas. Identificou-se também a participação expressiva do trabalho das mulheres no desempenho das atividades correlacionadas ao PAA e ao PNAE que significou melhora das condições de vida dessas mulheres e da família. No entanto, percebeu-se que a participação dos produtores rurais, sejam convencionais ou assentados no PAA, não garante automaticamente a participação destes no PNAE. Isso porque, a participação no PNAE exige maior envolvimento dos agentes territoriais, sejam eles beneficiários, institucionais, organizacionais ou mediadores em decorrência da sua distinta lógica de implementação. Identificou-se que os cortes orçamentários já são realidade no que se refere ao PAA, - o que afeta diretamente a agricultura familiar e, no caso do PNAE, o valor per capita repassado pelo Governo federal, bem como a complementação de recursos pelos governos estaduais e municipais é insuficiente.
The main objective of the research was to identify and analyze the socio-territorial impacts of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) [Food Acquisition Program (FAP)] and the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) [National School Feeding Program (NSFP)] in the local dynamics of the municipalities of Mirante do Paranapanema and Rosana (SP). The thesis that we defend is that there is a lack of articulation among the beneficiary territorial agents, the territorial agents and the territorial or organizational agents or mediators in the municipalities surveyed for the greater efficiency in the implementation of the PAA [FAP] and the PNAE [NSFP]. The methodological procedures were bibliographic review, documentary research, collection of data from secondary and primary sources, through interviews with territorial, beneficiary, institutional and organizational agents or mediators. It was verified with the development of the research in the mentioned municipalities that, despite some limitations, these public policies are very important for people in situations of food and nutritional vulnerability, students, among others, and for family farmers, since it is an alternative for the permanence of these in the field and for the improvement of their socioeconomic conditions. It was also identified the expressive participation women’s work in the performance of the activities related to the PAA [FAP] and the PNAE [NSFP], which meant an improvement in the living conditions of these women and their families. However, it was noticed that the participation of rural producers, whether conventional or settled in the PAA [FAP], does not automatically guarantee their participation in the PNAE [NSFP]. This is because, participation in the NSFP requires greater involvement of territorial agents, as long as they are beneficiaries, institutional, organizational or mediators due to their distinct logic of implementation. It was identified that budget cuts are already a reality with regard to the PAA [FAP], which directly affects family farming and, in the case of PNAE [NSFP], the per capita value passed on by the Federal Government, as well as the complementation of resources by the state governments and municipal services is insufficient.
The main objective of the research was to identify and analyze the socio-territorial impacts of the Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) [Food Acquisition Program (FAP)] and the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) [National School Feeding Program (NSFP)] in the local dynamics of the municipalities of Mirante do Paranapanema and Rosana (SP). The thesis that we defend is that there is a lack of articulation among the beneficiary territorial agents, the territorial agents and the territorial or organizational agents or mediators in the municipalities surveyed for the greater efficiency in the implementation of the PAA [FAP] and the PNAE [NSFP]. The methodological procedures were bibliographic review, documentary research, collection of data from secondary and primary sources, through interviews with territorial, beneficiary, institutional and organizational agents or mediators. It was verified with the development of the research in the mentioned municipalities that, despite some limitations, these public policies are very important for people in situations of food and nutritional vulnerability, students, among others, and for family farmers, since it is an alternative for the permanence of these in the field and for the improvement of their socioeconomic conditions. It was also identified the expressive participation women’s work in the performance of the activities related to the PAA [FAP] and the PNAE [NSFP], which meant an improvement in the living conditions of these women and their families. However, it was noticed that the participation of rural producers, whether conventional or settled in the PAA [FAP], does not automatically guarantee their participation in the PNAE [NSFP]. This is because, participation in the NSFP requires greater involvement of territorial agents, as long as they are beneficiaries, institutional, organizational or mediators due to their distinct logic of implementation. It was identified that budget cuts are already a reality with regard to the PAA [FAP], which directly affects family farming and, in the case of PNAE [NSFP], the per capita value passed on by the Federal Government, as well as the complementation of resources by the state governments and municipal services is insufficient.
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Palavras-chave
Políticas públicas, Agentes territoriais, Agricultura familiar, Municípios de Mirante do Paranapanema e Rosana (SP), Public policies, Territorial agents, Family farming, Municipios de Mirante do Paranapanema y Rosana (SP)