Crescimento de Bambusa vulgaris em plantio adensado a partir de índices morfofisiológicos
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Data
2019-01-24
Autores
Montelatto, Mariana Bonacelli [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o aumento da demanda por fontes de energia renováveis, a biomassa vegetal tem ganhado cada vez mais visibilidade no cenário mundial como fonte de energia limpa e renovável. A fonte de biomassa mais utilizada no Brasil é o eucalipto, entretanto, o bambu, com seu rápido crescimento, apresenta-se como uma potencial opção à utilização do eucalipto. Estudos evidenciam seu potencial energético, vezes similares ou até maiores que os encontrados para o eucalipto, entretanto ainda há pouca informação na literatura. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi de obter modelos para a estimativa da área foliar (AF) do Bambusa vulgaris, índice ecofisiológico fundamental para estudos de produtividade; e realizar sua análise de crescimento, para entender seu desenvolvimento, ambos durante o segundo ano após o plantio, em um sistema florestal de curta rotação (SFCR).Em cada avaliação era realizado inventário florestal para seleção de uma touceira representativa com a população naquele momento. Feito isso, uma touceira de B. vulgaris era cortada e caracterizados um colmo jovem, intermediário e velho. Da massa vegetal verde foi obtida a massa seca total. Paralelamente, um quarto de folhas de cada colmo caracterizado foi separado para o estudo da área foliar. Foram obtidos altura (A), diâmetro a altura do peito (D) dos colmos, comprimento (C) e largura (L) da folha e número de colmos da touceira (N), baseado nisso foram gerados modelos lineares múltiplosindividuais e para as avaliações agrupadas. Independente do modelo gerado, os coeficientes de determinação ajustados foram superiores a 60%.As equações geradas apenas com as variáveis C e L são as mais recomendadas. O índice de área foliar (IAF) médio em B.vulgaris foi igual a 3 m2 m-2.Sobre a análise de crescimento o B. vulgaris evidenciou seu rápido crescimento pela taxa de assimilação líquida (TAL) e taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), assim como sua relação direta com a precipitação, uma vez que AF e IAF tiveram desenvolvimento proporcional com essa variável. Esse estudo poderá ser referência para os estudos posteriores sobre esse assunto, uma vez que é o primeiro a trazer esse tipo de informações sobre a ecofisiologia do Bambusa vulgaris.
The biomass has gained more and more visibility in the world as clean energy in the last few years, and, therefore the renewable energy sources demands. Eucalyptus trees is the more used source in Brazil for bioenergy, however, bamboo shows a big potential in biomass production turn into an option to eucalyptus or any other forest source. Some studies evidence bamboo energetic potential, sometimes similar or even bigger than eucalyptus. In the other hand is still rare to find any kind of study about this specie, specially about their ecophysiology. The aim of this study was to obtain models to estimate Bambusa vulgaris leaf area (LA), an important index to productivity studies, as well as, conduce a growth analysis to understand their development, both during the second year after planting, in a short rotation coppice (SRC) with bioenergetic aim. On each evaluation, it was done a forest inventory to select a representative clump of B. vulgaris to that moment. The selected one was cut and the stems were characterized as young, intermediate and old. From the fresh matter was obtained the total dry matter. At the same time, a quarter of leaves from each characterized stem were separate to leaf area study. It was evaluated in the stems the height (H), diameter at breath high (D) of stem, length (L) and width (W) of leaves and number of clump‟s stems (N), based on it was generate the linear multiples models to each evaluation and grouped ones as well. All generated models, individual or grouped evaluation, had coefficient of determination adjusted (R² adjusted) higher than 60%. The models with only L and W are the most indicated one. The average leaf area index (LAI) was 3 m2 m -2 . About the growth analysis, it was evident the B.vulgaris fast-growing observing net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR), as well as your direct relationship with rainfall, once LA as LAI had a proportional development with this variable. This way, this study can be a reference to other studies about this subject, once it is the first study to bring this kind of information about Bambusa vulgaris or bamboos in general.
The biomass has gained more and more visibility in the world as clean energy in the last few years, and, therefore the renewable energy sources demands. Eucalyptus trees is the more used source in Brazil for bioenergy, however, bamboo shows a big potential in biomass production turn into an option to eucalyptus or any other forest source. Some studies evidence bamboo energetic potential, sometimes similar or even bigger than eucalyptus. In the other hand is still rare to find any kind of study about this specie, specially about their ecophysiology. The aim of this study was to obtain models to estimate Bambusa vulgaris leaf area (LA), an important index to productivity studies, as well as, conduce a growth analysis to understand their development, both during the second year after planting, in a short rotation coppice (SRC) with bioenergetic aim. On each evaluation, it was done a forest inventory to select a representative clump of B. vulgaris to that moment. The selected one was cut and the stems were characterized as young, intermediate and old. From the fresh matter was obtained the total dry matter. At the same time, a quarter of leaves from each characterized stem were separate to leaf area study. It was evaluated in the stems the height (H), diameter at breath high (D) of stem, length (L) and width (W) of leaves and number of clump‟s stems (N), based on it was generate the linear multiples models to each evaluation and grouped ones as well. All generated models, individual or grouped evaluation, had coefficient of determination adjusted (R² adjusted) higher than 60%. The models with only L and W are the most indicated one. The average leaf area index (LAI) was 3 m2 m -2 . About the growth analysis, it was evident the B.vulgaris fast-growing observing net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR), as well as your direct relationship with rainfall, once LA as LAI had a proportional development with this variable. This way, this study can be a reference to other studies about this subject, once it is the first study to bring this kind of information about Bambusa vulgaris or bamboos in general.
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Palavras-chave
Modelos de regressão linear, Área foliar, Índice de área foliar, Taxa de assimilação líquida, Taxa de crescimento relativo, Regression linear models, Leaf area, Leaf area index, Relative growth rate, Net assimilation rate