Ocorrência e caracterização molecular de hemoplasmas em bovinos de corte no Pantanal brasileiro, área endêmica para tripanossomíase bovina na América do Sul
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Data
2019-03-08
Autores
Mello, Victoria Valente Califre de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Micoplasmas hemotrópicos (hemoplasmas) são bactérias Gram-negativas que parasitam a superfície de eritrócitos de uma ampla variedade de mamíferos. Mycoplasma wenyonii e ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ são espécies de hemoplasmas relatadas em bovinos, podendo causar anemia hemolítica e redução na produção de carne e leite e, consequentemente, prejuízos econômicos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência de hemoplasmas em bovinos de corte no Pantanal brasileiro, área endêmica para tripanossomíase bovina na América do Sul. Adicionalmente, objetivou-se caracterizar molecularmente os genótipos de hemoplasmas encontrados. Para tal, amostras de sangue e soro de 400 bovinos de corte foram colhidas em cinco propriedades do município de Corumbá, sub-região da Nhecolândia, estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, centro-oeste brasileiro. As amostras de sangue foram submetidas à extração de DNA e a ensaios de PCR convencional para hemoplasmas baseados no gene 16S rRNA. As sequências obtidas foram submetidas a inferências filogenéticas, análises de distância e de diversidade genotípica. O Ensaio Imunoenzimático Indireto (iELISA) mostrou a presença de anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax em 89,75% dos animais amostrados, confirmando a endemicidade para o referido agente na região sob estudo. Dentre as 400 amostras de sangue de bovinos testadas, 2,25% (9/400) mostraram-se positivas na cPCR para hemoplasmas. A análise filogenética das sequências obtidas confirmou a presença de DNA ‘C. M. haemobos’ e M. wenyonii em 0,5% (2/400) e 1,75% (7/400) animais, respectivamente. Cinco genótipos de M. wenyonii e um de ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ foram detectados entre os amplicons sequenciados. A diversidade genotípica encontrada entre as sequências de hemoplasmas detectadas em bovídeos ao redor do mundo revelou a presença de sete genótipos para M. wenyonii (três deles ocorrendo no Pantanal), e dois genótipos para as sequências de ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ (um deles ocorrendo no Pantanal). O presente estudo mostrou baixa ocorrência molecular de hemoplasmas em bovinos de corte amostrados no Pantanal brasileiro, área endêmica para tripanossomíase bovina.
Hemotrophic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are Gram-negative bacteria that parasitize the surface of erythrocytes of a wide variety of mammals. Mycoplasma wenyonii and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos' are hemoplasma species reported in cattle, which can cause hemolytic anemia and reduction in meat and milk production and, consequently, economic losses. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of haemoplasmas in beef cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal, an area endemic for bovine trypanosomiasis in South America. In addition, the work aimed to characterize molecularly the genotypes of haemoplasmas found. For this purpose, blood and serum samples of 400 beef cattle were collected from five properties in the municipality of Corumbá, sub-region of Nhecolândia, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, central-western Brazil. Blood samples were subjected to DNA extraction and cPCR assays for haemoplasmas based on 16S rRNA gene. The sequences obtained were submitted to phylogenetic inferences, distance analysis and genotype diversity. The Indirect Immunoenzymatic Assay (iELISA) showed the presence of anti-Trypanosoma vivax IgG antibodies in 89.75% of the animals sampled, confirming the endemicity for this agent in the studied region. Among the 400 bovine blood samples tested, 2.25% (9/400) were positive in cPCR for haemoplasmas. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained confirmed the presence of DNA 'C. M. haemobos' and M. wenyonii in 0.5% (2/400) and 1.75% (7/400) animals, respectively. Five genotypes of M. wenyonii and one of 'Candidatus M. haemobos' were detected among the sequenced amplicons. The genotype diversity found among hemoplasma sequences detected in bovids around the world revealed the presence of seven genotypes for M. wenyonii (three of them occurring in Pantanal), and two genotypes for the 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos' sequences (one of them occurring in Pantanal). The present study showed low molecular occurrence of haemoplasmas in beef cattle sampled in the Brazilian Pantanal, an area endemic for bovine trypanosomiasis.
Hemotrophic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are Gram-negative bacteria that parasitize the surface of erythrocytes of a wide variety of mammals. Mycoplasma wenyonii and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos' are hemoplasma species reported in cattle, which can cause hemolytic anemia and reduction in meat and milk production and, consequently, economic losses. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of haemoplasmas in beef cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal, an area endemic for bovine trypanosomiasis in South America. In addition, the work aimed to characterize molecularly the genotypes of haemoplasmas found. For this purpose, blood and serum samples of 400 beef cattle were collected from five properties in the municipality of Corumbá, sub-region of Nhecolândia, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, central-western Brazil. Blood samples were subjected to DNA extraction and cPCR assays for haemoplasmas based on 16S rRNA gene. The sequences obtained were submitted to phylogenetic inferences, distance analysis and genotype diversity. The Indirect Immunoenzymatic Assay (iELISA) showed the presence of anti-Trypanosoma vivax IgG antibodies in 89.75% of the animals sampled, confirming the endemicity for this agent in the studied region. Among the 400 bovine blood samples tested, 2.25% (9/400) were positive in cPCR for haemoplasmas. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained confirmed the presence of DNA 'C. M. haemobos' and M. wenyonii in 0.5% (2/400) and 1.75% (7/400) animals, respectively. Five genotypes of M. wenyonii and one of 'Candidatus M. haemobos' were detected among the sequenced amplicons. The genotype diversity found among hemoplasma sequences detected in bovids around the world revealed the presence of seven genotypes for M. wenyonii (three of them occurring in Pantanal), and two genotypes for the 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos' sequences (one of them occurring in Pantanal). The present study showed low molecular occurrence of haemoplasmas in beef cattle sampled in the Brazilian Pantanal, an area endemic for bovine trypanosomiasis.
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Micoplasmas hemotrópicos, Trypanosoma vivax, 16S rRNA, Diversidade genotípica