Diversificar para (re) encantar: a utilização da leitura da imagem no ensino de história buscando a concretização da consciência cidadã.
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Data
2019-02-21
Autores
Fernandes, Luciane Maria
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A História é a ciência que investiga o passado para compreendermos o presente oportunizando a possibilidade de transformações. Mas, como interligar o ensino da História com a formação de um cidadão, realmente protagonista, atuante na construção da sociedade na qual está inserido? A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo elaborar e fundamentar, teoricamente, uma sequência didática que promova a leitura crítica e reflexiva do conteúdo de História por meio de análise de imagens, produção de um texto não verbal e de um texto verbal com tipologia “prescritiva injuntiva”, “gênero receita” e ou “manual de instrução”. A investigação nessa pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base no enfoque qualitativo de modalidade descritiva, de finalidade aplicada, seguindo um caráter bibliográfico e de campo baseada na metodologia da pesquisa-ação. A coleta de dados ocorreu, a partir da observação do professor pesquisador, no momento do desenvolvimento da sequência didática, no qual efetivou a atividade de leitura de imagem, para compreensão do conteúdo de História. Tal atividade foi aplicada aos alunos de 8ºs anos do ensino fundamental em escola da rede privada e pública. O conteúdo histórico, abordado na atividade de leitura de imagem, está inserido no Currículo do Estado de São Paulo e trata da Independência Política do território brasileiro. Foi estabelecida, como eixo temático, a reflexão sobre o conceito de liberdade, a fim de pautar o mote da construção dos textos verbais. As atividades presentes na sequência didática serviram de instrumento de a verificação de aprendizagem dos conteúdos históricos propostos, além de proporcionar uma alfabetização visual.
History is the science that investigates the past in order to understand the present, giving opportunities for changes. But how to interconnect the History teaching with the formation of a citizen who is active in the construction of his / her society? The present research aims to theoretically elaborate and substantiate a didactic sequence that promotes the critical and reflexive reading of the content of History through image analysis, non-verbal text production and a verbal text with “prescriptive injunction”, “genre recipe” and/or “instruction manual” typology. The inquiry in this search was developed based on the qualitative approach of descriptive modality of applied purpose, following a bibliographic and field feature, oriented by the methodology of action research. The data collection took place, from the observation of the researcher professor, at the moment of the didactic sequence development, in which was performed the image reading in order to understand the History content. This activity was exercised with 8th grade elementary students in both private and public school. The historical substance covered in the image reading activity is inserted into the Curriculum of the State of São Paulo and deals with the Political Independence of the Brazilian territory. It was established, as thematic axis, the discussion about the concept of freedom in order to guide the motto of the elaboration of verbal texts. The activities present in the didactic sequence served as an instrument to verify the learning of the proposed historical contents, besides providing a visual literacy.
History is the science that investigates the past in order to understand the present, giving opportunities for changes. But how to interconnect the History teaching with the formation of a citizen who is active in the construction of his / her society? The present research aims to theoretically elaborate and substantiate a didactic sequence that promotes the critical and reflexive reading of the content of History through image analysis, non-verbal text production and a verbal text with “prescriptive injunction”, “genre recipe” and/or “instruction manual” typology. The inquiry in this search was developed based on the qualitative approach of descriptive modality of applied purpose, following a bibliographic and field feature, oriented by the methodology of action research. The data collection took place, from the observation of the researcher professor, at the moment of the didactic sequence development, in which was performed the image reading in order to understand the History content. This activity was exercised with 8th grade elementary students in both private and public school. The historical substance covered in the image reading activity is inserted into the Curriculum of the State of São Paulo and deals with the Political Independence of the Brazilian territory. It was established, as thematic axis, the discussion about the concept of freedom in order to guide the motto of the elaboration of verbal texts. The activities present in the didactic sequence served as an instrument to verify the learning of the proposed historical contents, besides providing a visual literacy.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Imagem., Metodologia, História, Educação, Ensino, Image, Methodology, History, Education, Teaching, Visual literacy, Alfabetização visual