Representação em Química: relações entre níveis do conhecimento e seus signos para apropriação da linguagem Química
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Data
2019-02-25
Autores
Reinaldo, Thais Adrianne Silva
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa e seu produto técnico visaram propiciar alternativas didáticas, indicando abordagens, materiais de aprendizagem e recursos didáticos, com o intuito de promover a apropriação da linguagem química na Educação Básica, por meio da compreensão dos diferentes níveis do conhecimento químico (macroscópico, submicroscópico e simbólico) bem como das relações entre estes níveis. Assim sendo, o objeto de estudo desta pesquisa foi um método de ensino produzido a partir da metodologia Perceber/Relacionar/Conhecer, fundamentada na Teoria Semiótica de Peirce. Para tanto, foram elaboradas, aplicadas e avaliadas atividades estruturadas em etapas de uma Sequência Didática, desenvolvida de acordo com o processo EAR (Elaboração-Aplicação-Reelaboração). Os sujeitos de pesquisa foram alunos do Ensino Médio de uma unidade escolar da rede estadual de ensino, situada na periferia de Bauru, interior de São Paulo. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram as produções dos alunos durante as atividades didáticas. A investigação teve enfoque qualitativo, sendo os resultados analisados pelas técnicas análise temática aliada à análise categorial do método Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram desenvolvimento das linguagens sinestésicas, não-verbais e simbólicas bem como das habilidades cognitivas definidas. Também evidenciaram a apropriação dos conceitos científicos ensinados, por todos os alunos da amostra, em diferentes níveis. Portanto, foi comprovada a eficácia do método didático, elaborado, desenvolvido e investigado nesta pesquisa, para o fim proposto. E como produto educacional foi desenvolvido um objeto de aprendizagem do tipo jogo digital, decorrente das demandas e resultados satisfatórios das atividades didáticas aplicadas.
This research and its technical product aimed at providing didactic alternatives, indicating approaches, learning materials and didactic resources, with the purpose of promoting the appropriation of chemical language in Basic Education, through the understanding of the different levels of chemical knowledge (macroscopic, submicroscopic and symbolic) as well as the relations between these levels. Therefore, the object of study of this research was a teaching method produced from the methodology: Perceive / Relate / Know, based on the Semiotic Theory of Peirce. For that, activities structured in stages of a Didactic Sequence, developed according to the EAR (Elaboration-Application-Re-elaboration) process, were elaborated, applied and evaluated. The research subjects were high school students from a school of the state education network, located in the outskirts of Bauru, in the country of São Paulo. The instruments of data collection were the productions of the students during the didactic activities. The research had a qualitative approach, and the results were analyzed by thematic analysis techniques, combined with the categorical analysis of the Content Analysis method. The obtained results demonstrated the development of synesthetic, nonverbal and symbolic languages as well as defined cognitive abilities. They also evidenced the appropriation of the scientific concepts taught by all students of the sample, at different levels. Therefore, the effectiveness of the didactic method, elaborated, developed and investigated in this research, for the proposed purpose was proved. And as an educational product was developed a learning object of the digital game type, resulting from the demands and satisfactory results of the applied didactic activities.
This research and its technical product aimed at providing didactic alternatives, indicating approaches, learning materials and didactic resources, with the purpose of promoting the appropriation of chemical language in Basic Education, through the understanding of the different levels of chemical knowledge (macroscopic, submicroscopic and symbolic) as well as the relations between these levels. Therefore, the object of study of this research was a teaching method produced from the methodology: Perceive / Relate / Know, based on the Semiotic Theory of Peirce. For that, activities structured in stages of a Didactic Sequence, developed according to the EAR (Elaboration-Application-Re-elaboration) process, were elaborated, applied and evaluated. The research subjects were high school students from a school of the state education network, located in the outskirts of Bauru, in the country of São Paulo. The instruments of data collection were the productions of the students during the didactic activities. The research had a qualitative approach, and the results were analyzed by thematic analysis techniques, combined with the categorical analysis of the Content Analysis method. The obtained results demonstrated the development of synesthetic, nonverbal and symbolic languages as well as defined cognitive abilities. They also evidenced the appropriation of the scientific concepts taught by all students of the sample, at different levels. Therefore, the effectiveness of the didactic method, elaborated, developed and investigated in this research, for the proposed purpose was proved. And as an educational product was developed a learning object of the digital game type, resulting from the demands and satisfactory results of the applied didactic activities.
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Palavras-chave
Ensino de Química, Semiótica Peirceana, Linguagem Química, Níveis de representação, Chemistry Teaching, Peirce’s Semiotics, Chemical Language, Levels of representation, Chemistry teaching