Desenvolvimento de nanoemulsão de geraniol e óleo essencial da palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii) e sua ação inibitória sobre linhagens de Cutibacterium acnes
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Data
2019-02-21
Autores
Lyra, Luciana Pupo da Silveira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os óleos essenciais (OE) são produtos do metabolismo secundário da planta e são conhecidos pelas suas propriedades antimicrobianas. O principal componente do OE da palmarosa é o geraniol (70-80%). A incorporação de compostos da biodiversidade agrega valor as formulações dermocosméticas. OEs são uma boa opção devido à semelhança estrutural com o equilíbrio hidro-lipídico da pele. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana desses compostos e o desenvolvimento de protótipos de dermocosméticos com nanopartículas para o tratamento da acne vulgar. Nanoemulsões com OE e geraniol foram preparadas de acordo com os valores do equilíbrio hidrofílico-lipofílico (EHL) e a caracterização das nanoemulsões seguiram os parâmetros da ANVISA (2004) para testes preliminares de estabilidade. Foram preparadas dez formulações. Nanoemulsões especiais contendo nanopartículas de prata (AgNP) foram preparadas e testadas contra C. acnes. Os ensaios de microtitulação com resazurina (REMA) foram realizados para determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e a Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) para o OE de palmarosa e geraniol contra cepas American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) de Cutibacterium acnes 11827, 11828 e 6919. A curva de sobrevivência (CS) foi realizada para analisar o sinergismo entre os compostos e a clindamicina contra C. acnes, cepa 6919. As formulações foram estáveis ao pH, condutividade elétrica, densidade, centrifugação e análise de stress térmico. Análises de tamanho, potencial zeta (ZP) e índice de polidispersão (PDI) ficaram entre 60 e 165 d.nm; -16,6 e -34,8 mv e 0,043 até 0,253, respectivamente. A conclusão foi que a formulação de número 3 foi a melhor, porque permaneceu translúcida e apresentou valores de -25,6 mv para ZP; o menor tamanho (63,3 d.nm) e PDI de 0,253, valores ideais segundo a literatura. Análises de espectroscopia (ATR-FTIR) e microscopia (Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura) foram realizadas. Os valores de CIM e CBM diminuíram para as cepas 11827 (de 1250 para 39,06 μg/mL) e para a cepa 11828 (de 5000 para 312,5 μg/mL) quando os compostos foram incluídos em nanoemulsões e quando o AgNP foi adicionado à formulação. Tamanhos menores de gota facilitam a penetração do composto ativo. A CS apresentou ação bactericida para OE e geraniol e sinergismo bacteriostático para os diferentes tratamentos. Assim, pode-se concluir que as nanoemulsões foram bem sucedidas em sua preparação e possuem potencial antimicrobiano.
Essential oils (EO) are secondary metabolism products of plant and they are known for antimicrobial properties.The major component of palmarosa EO is geraniol (70-80%). Incorporation of compounds of biodiversity guarantee value to dermocosmetic formulations. EOs are good option due to structural similarity with skin hydro-lipid balance. Thus, the desire was to evaluate the antibacterial activity to these compounds and the development of dermocosmetic prototypes with nanoparticles to treat acne vulgaris. Nanoemulsion with EO and geraniol were prepared according to values of lipophilic-hydrophilic balance (LHB) and nanoemulsions characterization followed the ANVISA (2004) parameters for preliminary stability tests. Ten formulations were prepared. Special nanoemulsion containing silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was prepared and tested against C. acnes. Resazurin Microtiter Assays (REMA) was performed to determine the Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for palmarosa EO and geraniol against American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains of Cutibacterium acnes 11827, 11828 and 6919. The target of Time Kill Curve (TKC) test was determinate the synergism between compounds and clindamycin to C. acnes strain 6919. The formulations were stable to pH, electrical conductivity, density, centrifugation and thermal stress analysis. Analysis of size, zeta potential (ZP) and polydispersity index (PDI) were between 60 and 165 d.nm; -16.6 and -34.8 mv and 0.043 until 0.253, respectively. The conclusion was formulation number 3 was the best, because remained translucid and had values of -25.6 mv for ZP; the lowest size (63.3 d.m) and PDI of 0.253, ideal values according to literature. Analysis of spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and microscope (Scanning Electron Microscopy) were done. MIC and MBC values decreased for 11827 strain (from 1250 to 39,06 μg /mL) and for 11828 strain (from 5000 to 312,5 μg /mL) when the compounds was included in nanoemulsions and when AgNP was added in the formulation. Smaller droplet sizes facilitate penetration of the active compound. The TKC had bactericidal action for OE and geraniol and bacteriostatic synergism for different treatments. Thus, we can conclude that the nanoemulsions were successful in their preparation and have antimicrobial potential.
Essential oils (EO) are secondary metabolism products of plant and they are known for antimicrobial properties.The major component of palmarosa EO is geraniol (70-80%). Incorporation of compounds of biodiversity guarantee value to dermocosmetic formulations. EOs are good option due to structural similarity with skin hydro-lipid balance. Thus, the desire was to evaluate the antibacterial activity to these compounds and the development of dermocosmetic prototypes with nanoparticles to treat acne vulgaris. Nanoemulsion with EO and geraniol were prepared according to values of lipophilic-hydrophilic balance (LHB) and nanoemulsions characterization followed the ANVISA (2004) parameters for preliminary stability tests. Ten formulations were prepared. Special nanoemulsion containing silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was prepared and tested against C. acnes. Resazurin Microtiter Assays (REMA) was performed to determine the Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for palmarosa EO and geraniol against American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains of Cutibacterium acnes 11827, 11828 and 6919. The target of Time Kill Curve (TKC) test was determinate the synergism between compounds and clindamycin to C. acnes strain 6919. The formulations were stable to pH, electrical conductivity, density, centrifugation and thermal stress analysis. Analysis of size, zeta potential (ZP) and polydispersity index (PDI) were between 60 and 165 d.nm; -16.6 and -34.8 mv and 0.043 until 0.253, respectively. The conclusion was formulation number 3 was the best, because remained translucid and had values of -25.6 mv for ZP; the lowest size (63.3 d.m) and PDI of 0.253, ideal values according to literature. Analysis of spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and microscope (Scanning Electron Microscopy) were done. MIC and MBC values decreased for 11827 strain (from 1250 to 39,06 μg /mL) and for 11828 strain (from 5000 to 312,5 μg /mL) when the compounds was included in nanoemulsions and when AgNP was added in the formulation. Smaller droplet sizes facilitate penetration of the active compound. The TKC had bactericidal action for OE and geraniol and bacteriostatic synergism for different treatments. Thus, we can conclude that the nanoemulsions were successful in their preparation and have antimicrobial potential.
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Palavras-chave
Óleos essenciais, Nanoemulsões, Cymbopogon martinii, Cutibacterium acnes, Nanopartículas de Prata, Estabilidade preliminar, Propionibacterium acnes, Essential oils, Silver, Preliminary Stability Test