Elaboração de medidas preventivas para o controle de infecção cruzada em exames de eletroencefalograma
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2019-02-26
Autores
Cecilio, Amanda dos Santos
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO: A Segurança do Paciente pode ser definida como um conjunto de ações que reduzem o risco de danos associados às infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde até o mínimo aceitável, utilizando-se das melhores evidências disponíveis e visando promover uma assistência qualificada não só em instituições hospitalares. A falta de higienização das mãos é o principal veículo de transmissão de infecções e deve ser realizada antes e após de qualquer procedimento. Os exames de eletroencefalograma podem trazer riscos de contaminação e infecção do couro cabeludo, além dos utensílios utilizados para o exame. A falta de protocolo instituído no processo de trabalho ao paciente pode influenciar no que se refere na disseminação de microrganismos ou até mesmo infecção cruzada do couro cabeludo. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores de risco de disseminação de microrganismos relacionados com as dermatoses do couro cabeludo para elaboração de medidas preventivas e controle de infecção cruzada em exames de eletroencefalograma. MÉTODO: Revisão Integrativa com estratégia de busca em bases de dados online: CINAHL, Embase, Pubmed, Scopus e Wos. Utilizou-se os seguintes descritores: Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo, Eletroencefalograma, Desinfecção, Instituição em Saúde e Infecção Cruzada. O levantamento foi realizado durante os meses de janeiro a fevereiro de 2018. Como critérios de inclusão utilizaram-se estudos que abordassem a temática da correlação entre exame de eletroencefalograma e infecção cruzada, em periódicos e textos disponíveis na íntegra nacionais ou internacionais nos idiomas português, espanhol ou inglês indexado e sem delimitação temporal. RESULTADO: Foram identificados 936 artigos e a partir dos critérios de inclusão foram inseridos quatro artigos para o presente estudo, aos quais a abrasão realizada no couro cabeludo do paciente, os eletrodos e suas extensões que entram em contato com a pele, a falha no procedimento de desinfecção dos equipamentos, a falta de controles de higienização, a falta de treinamento com a equipe envolvida no processo de trabalho e a falta de protocolos a serem seguidos, são fatores de risco que requerem medidas/ações para promover a motivação e capacitação com responsabilidade profissional e social. CONCLUSÃO: Os riscos de adquirir infecções em serviços de saúde são elevados e em grande parte poderiam ser evitados por meio da adesão dos profissionais de saúde e a realização de medidas/ações de prevenção e de controle de infecção promovem a segurança do paciente. Diante de tal necessidade, foi elaborado mapeamento de processo do serviço de neurologia diagnóstica, contendo normas e rotinas, procedimento operacional padrão, indicadores e disponibilização do e-book.
INTRODUCTION: Patient Safety can be defined as a set of actions that reduce the risk of injury associated with health care-associated infections to the lowest acceptable level, using the best evidence available and to promote qualified care not only in hospital institutions. The lack of hand wash is the primary way of transmission of infections and should be performed before and after any procedure. Electroencephalogram tests can bring scalp contamination and infection risks, as well as the utensils used for the exam. The lack of protocol instituted in the patient work process can influence in the dissemination of microorganisms or even cross-infection of the scalp. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk factors to microorganisms' dissemination related to dermatoses of the scalp. To perform measures of prevention and control of cross infection in electroencephalogram exams. METHOD: Integrative revision with search strategy in online databases: CINAHL, Embase, PubMEd, Scopus and Wos. The descriptors were used: Scalp Dermatoses, Electroencephalogram, Disinfection, Health Institution and Cross Infection. The search was carried out from January to February 2018. As inclusion criteria were researches by topic electroencephalogram and cross-infection, in national and international journals and texts available in Portuguese, Spanish or English indexed and without temporal delimitation. RESULTS: A total of 936 articles were identified. From the inclusion criteria, four articles were inserted for the present study, to which the abrasion carried out on the patient's scalp, the electrodes and their extensions that come in contact with the skin, the failure in the disinfection of equipment, lack of sanitation controls, lack of training with the staff involved in the work process and lack of protocols to be followed, are risk factors that require measures / actions to promote motivation and empowerment with responsibility professional and social. CONCLUSION: The risks of acquiring infections in health services are high and much of them could be avoided through the adhesion of health professionals. The implementation of measures and actions of prevention and infection control promote patient safety. In view of this need, a process mapping of the diagnostic neurology service was developed, containing norms and routines, standard operating procedures, indicators and the e-book availability.
INTRODUCTION: Patient Safety can be defined as a set of actions that reduce the risk of injury associated with health care-associated infections to the lowest acceptable level, using the best evidence available and to promote qualified care not only in hospital institutions. The lack of hand wash is the primary way of transmission of infections and should be performed before and after any procedure. Electroencephalogram tests can bring scalp contamination and infection risks, as well as the utensils used for the exam. The lack of protocol instituted in the patient work process can influence in the dissemination of microorganisms or even cross-infection of the scalp. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk factors to microorganisms' dissemination related to dermatoses of the scalp. To perform measures of prevention and control of cross infection in electroencephalogram exams. METHOD: Integrative revision with search strategy in online databases: CINAHL, Embase, PubMEd, Scopus and Wos. The descriptors were used: Scalp Dermatoses, Electroencephalogram, Disinfection, Health Institution and Cross Infection. The search was carried out from January to February 2018. As inclusion criteria were researches by topic electroencephalogram and cross-infection, in national and international journals and texts available in Portuguese, Spanish or English indexed and without temporal delimitation. RESULTS: A total of 936 articles were identified. From the inclusion criteria, four articles were inserted for the present study, to which the abrasion carried out on the patient's scalp, the electrodes and their extensions that come in contact with the skin, the failure in the disinfection of equipment, lack of sanitation controls, lack of training with the staff involved in the work process and lack of protocols to be followed, are risk factors that require measures / actions to promote motivation and empowerment with responsibility professional and social. CONCLUSION: The risks of acquiring infections in health services are high and much of them could be avoided through the adhesion of health professionals. The implementation of measures and actions of prevention and infection control promote patient safety. In view of this need, a process mapping of the diagnostic neurology service was developed, containing norms and routines, standard operating procedures, indicators and the e-book availability.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dermatoses de couro cabeludo, Eletroencefalograma, Desinfecção, Instituições de saúde, Infecção cruzada, Dermatoses of scalp, Electroencephalogram, Disinfection, Health institutions, Cross infection