Efeito da solubilidade da parede celular de Saccharomyces cerevisiae sobre a digestibilidade, produtos de fermentação microbiana e parâmetros imunológicos de cães adultos
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Data
2019-03-08
Autores
Theodoro, Stephanie de Souza
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Derivados da parede celular de levedura têm sido estudados por seu efeito prebiótico. Recentemente, preparações purificadas e mais solúveis foram desenvolvidas, com vista a aumentar seu efeito fisiológico. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de dois diferentes extratos da parede celular de leveduras, um convencional (PCL) e outro com maior porcentagem de mananoligossacarídeos solúveis (PCLs) sobre a digestibilidade, produtos de fermentação nas fezes e alguns parâmetros imunológicos de cães adultos hígidos. Foi empregada uma única formulação, desdobrada em três tratamentos: CON – controle, sem adição de parede celular de levedura; PCL – adição de 0,3% de parede celular de levedura convencional; PCLs - adição de 0,3% de parede celular de levedura com elevada solubilidade de mananoligossacarídeos (MOS). Foram utilizados 24 cães beagle adultos, com oito repetições por ração, em delineamento em blocos casualizados. Cada bloco teve duração 30 dias, sendo avaliados no início e no final do período as concentrações séricas de fator de necrose tumoral alfa e interleucinas 6 e 10, produção ex vivo de intermediários reativos do oxigênio e nitrogênio por células mononucleares e polimorfonucleares de sangue periférico, capacidade fagocítica de monócitos e neutrófilos e concentração de IgA nas fezes. Adicionalmente, foi avaliada a digestiblidade aparente dos nutrientes, produção e qualidade das fezes, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta e ramificada, lactato, amônia, pH e aminas biogênicas nas fezes. Os resultados foram analisados por análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P<0,05). Para os parâmetros imunológicos, os valores no tempo zero foram empregados como covariável. A inclusão de PCLs reduziu a digestibilidade da gordura da ração (P<0,05), aumentou as concentrações de butirato e putrescina e reduziu a de lactato nas fezes dos cães (P<0,05), demonstrando que a solubilização da fração de MOS resultou em maior fermentação do composto, alterando o metabolismo da microbiota intestinal de cães. Foi verificada redução da concentração sérica de IL-6 nos cães alimentados com PCLs (P<0,05) e tendência de redução para os alimentados com PCL (P=0,095), sugerindo redução da atividade inflamatória nos animais. Maior índice de fagocitose foi também observado após 30 dias de consumo da dieta PCL (P<0,03), sugerindo estimulação da imunidade inata. Como conclusão, os dois compostos demonstraram feitos relevantes nos cães e a solubilização dos MOS da parece celular de levedura modificou sua interação com a microbiota e efeitos biológicos nos animais.
Derivates of yeast cell wall have been studied by its prebiotic effect. Recently, more purified and soluble preparations were developed, attempting to increase their biological actions. This study evaluated the inclusion of two yeast cell wall preparations, one conventional (YCW), and another with higher solubility of the mannan oligosaccharide fraction (YCWs), on their effects on nutrient digestibility, fermentation products on feces, and some immunological parameters of dogs. A single food formulation was used, unfolded on the following treatments: CON – control, without yeast cell wall addition; YCW – addition of 0.3% of a conventional yeas cell wall extract; YCWs – addition of 0.3% of a yeast cell wall extraction with elevated mannan oligosaccharides solubility. Twenty-four adult beagle dogs were used, eight dogs per food, distributed on a randomized block design. Blocks lasted 30 days, and tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukins 6 and 10, ex vivo production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide by peripheral neutrophils and monocytes, phagocytic index, and fecal IgA were evaluated at the beginning and ending of each period. Additionally, nutrient digestibility, feces production and quality, and fermentation products, pH, and biogenic amines were quantified on feces. Results were evaluated by variance analysis and compared by Tukey test (P<0.05). For the immunological parameters, the basal values were used as a covariate. The inclusion of YCWs reduced fat digestibility (P<0.05), increased the concentration of butyrate and putrescine, and reduced the lactate on feces (P<0.05), showing that mannan oligosaccharide solubilization resulted in higher fermentation of this compound, changing the metabolism of the microbiota of dogs. Lower IL-6 on serum was verified for dogs fed the YCWs diet (P<0.05), and the concentration of this cytokine also tended to be lower in dogs fed the YCW than the control diet (P=0.095), suggesting a reduction on the inflammatory activity of dogs. Higher phagocytic index was verified for peripheral monocytes after 30 days of the intake of the YCW food, indicating better innate immunity. In conclusion, both yeast cell wall derivates presented prebiotic effects on dogs, and the solubilization of the mannooligosaccharide fraction altered its interaction with the gut microbiota and biological effects on animals.
Derivates of yeast cell wall have been studied by its prebiotic effect. Recently, more purified and soluble preparations were developed, attempting to increase their biological actions. This study evaluated the inclusion of two yeast cell wall preparations, one conventional (YCW), and another with higher solubility of the mannan oligosaccharide fraction (YCWs), on their effects on nutrient digestibility, fermentation products on feces, and some immunological parameters of dogs. A single food formulation was used, unfolded on the following treatments: CON – control, without yeast cell wall addition; YCW – addition of 0.3% of a conventional yeas cell wall extract; YCWs – addition of 0.3% of a yeast cell wall extraction with elevated mannan oligosaccharides solubility. Twenty-four adult beagle dogs were used, eight dogs per food, distributed on a randomized block design. Blocks lasted 30 days, and tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukins 6 and 10, ex vivo production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide by peripheral neutrophils and monocytes, phagocytic index, and fecal IgA were evaluated at the beginning and ending of each period. Additionally, nutrient digestibility, feces production and quality, and fermentation products, pH, and biogenic amines were quantified on feces. Results were evaluated by variance analysis and compared by Tukey test (P<0.05). For the immunological parameters, the basal values were used as a covariate. The inclusion of YCWs reduced fat digestibility (P<0.05), increased the concentration of butyrate and putrescine, and reduced the lactate on feces (P<0.05), showing that mannan oligosaccharide solubilization resulted in higher fermentation of this compound, changing the metabolism of the microbiota of dogs. Lower IL-6 on serum was verified for dogs fed the YCWs diet (P<0.05), and the concentration of this cytokine also tended to be lower in dogs fed the YCW than the control diet (P=0.095), suggesting a reduction on the inflammatory activity of dogs. Higher phagocytic index was verified for peripheral monocytes after 30 days of the intake of the YCW food, indicating better innate immunity. In conclusion, both yeast cell wall derivates presented prebiotic effects on dogs, and the solubilization of the mannooligosaccharide fraction altered its interaction with the gut microbiota and biological effects on animals.
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Palavras-chave
Imunidade, Levedura, Mananoligossacarídeos, Prebiótico, Immunity, Yeast, Mannan oligosaccharides, Prebiotic