Parâmetros testiculares de Brycon orbignyanus (Characiformes, Characidae) em diferentes idades
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Data
2019-02-26
Autores
Silva, Luciane Gomes da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Brycon orbignyanus conhecido popularmente como piracanjuba é uma espécie de interesse para piscicultura por seu comportamento agressivo, carne saborosa e crescimento rápido. Contudo a espécie encontra-se na categoria de ameaçada de extinção, devido a fragmentação do habitat com a construção de hidrelétricas, e consequente destruição do habitat, além da sobrepesca. Diante da importância desta, buscou-se compreender por meio de análises estereológicas, histológicas em conjunto com o Índice gonadossomático (IGS) as alterações e correlações dos parâmetros testiculares da espécie em 3 diferentes idades, para uma melhor compreensão do desenvolvimento reprodutivo da espécie, desde as fases iniciais. Para isso utilizou-se o índice (IGS), na determinação do período reprodutivo e suas fases. Para isso 30 exemplares de B. orbignyanus com idade de 1 a 3 anos, oriundos da Estação de Aquicultura da Usina Hidrelétrica Mário Lopes Leão, A.E.S - Tietê, localizada na cidade de Promissão-SP (21° 17′ 49″ S, 49° 47′ 0″ W), foram capturados. Após a coleta, os animais foram insensibilizados e eutanasiados em solução de benzocaína (CEUA-FEIS-UNESP Nº12/2017). Após anestesiados os testículos foram retirados, sendo posteriormente processados para microscopia de luz. Os processamentos e a análises do material biológico após a coleta foram realizadas no Laboratório de Ictiologia Neotropical - LINEO, no Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia do campus da UNESP-FEIS de Ilha Solteira/SP. A análise histológica permitiu identificar três fases de desenvolvimento testicular para B. orbignyanus: Imaturo, Maturação Inicial para animais com 1 ano e Maturação Final para animais com 2 e 3 anos de idade. Na análise comparativa com idades de 1, 2 e 3 anos, a proporção de crescimento da espécie foi maior nos 2 primeiros anos de vida; o IGS apresenta uma faixa de variação dentro da mesma fase de reprodutiva, contudo animais com dois e três anos de idade, apesar de estarem na mesma fase (Maturação Final) do desenvolvimento testicular apresentaram diferenças estatísticas nos valores do IGS, tendendo a acompanhar a idade do animal de forma crescente; O IGS está relacionado de forma positiva com o ganho de massa corporal e testicular (g), assim como com o crescimento (cm) e idade do animal. A análise estereológica mostrou que a proporção de espermatozoides na luz dos túbulos anastomosados não variou com o aumento do IGS.
Brycon orbignyanus popularly known as piracanjuba, is a species of fish farming interest because of its aggressive behavior, delicious meat and rapid growth. the species is threatened of extinction, due to habitat fragmentation with the construction of hydroelectric, consequent habitat destruction, and overfishing. Considering the importance of this, we sought to understand, through stereological and histological analyzes, the changes and correlations of testicular parameters of the species at three different ages, together with the gonadosomatic index (GSI), for a better understanding of the reproductive development of the species, since the initial stages. For this purpose, the index (GSI) was used to determine the reproductive period and its phases. A total of 30 specimens of B. orbignyanus, aged 1 to 3 years old, were collected from the Aquaculture Station of the Mário Lopes Leão Hydroelectric Power Plant, AES - Tietê, located in the city of Promissão - SP (21 ° 17 '49 "S, 49 ° 47'0 "W). After collection, the animals were desensitized and anesthetized in benzocaine solution (CEUA-FEIS-UNESP Nº12 / 2017). After anesthesia, the testicles were removed and later processed for light microscopy. Processing and analysis of the biological material after the collection were carried out at the Neotropical Ichthyology Laboratory - LINEO, at the Biology and Animal Science Department of the UNESP-FEIS campus of Ilha Solteira / SP. Histological analysis allowed the identification of three stages of testicular development for B. orbignyanus: Immature, Initial Maturation for 1 year old animals and Final Maturation for 2 and 3 year old animals. In the comparative analysis with ages of 1, 2 and 3 years, the proportion of species growth was higher in the first 2 years of life; the GSI shows a range of variation within the same reproductive phase, however, animals with two and three years of age, although they were in the same phase (Final Maturation) of the testicular development presented statistical differences in the GSI values, tending to accompany the age of the animal in an increasing manner; GSI is positively related to body mass and testicular gain (g), as well as to the growth (cm) and age of the animal. Stereological analysis showed that the proportion of spermatozoa in the lumen of the anastomosed tubules did not vary with the increase of GSI.
Brycon orbignyanus popularly known as piracanjuba, is a species of fish farming interest because of its aggressive behavior, delicious meat and rapid growth. the species is threatened of extinction, due to habitat fragmentation with the construction of hydroelectric, consequent habitat destruction, and overfishing. Considering the importance of this, we sought to understand, through stereological and histological analyzes, the changes and correlations of testicular parameters of the species at three different ages, together with the gonadosomatic index (GSI), for a better understanding of the reproductive development of the species, since the initial stages. For this purpose, the index (GSI) was used to determine the reproductive period and its phases. A total of 30 specimens of B. orbignyanus, aged 1 to 3 years old, were collected from the Aquaculture Station of the Mário Lopes Leão Hydroelectric Power Plant, AES - Tietê, located in the city of Promissão - SP (21 ° 17 '49 "S, 49 ° 47'0 "W). After collection, the animals were desensitized and anesthetized in benzocaine solution (CEUA-FEIS-UNESP Nº12 / 2017). After anesthesia, the testicles were removed and later processed for light microscopy. Processing and analysis of the biological material after the collection were carried out at the Neotropical Ichthyology Laboratory - LINEO, at the Biology and Animal Science Department of the UNESP-FEIS campus of Ilha Solteira / SP. Histological analysis allowed the identification of three stages of testicular development for B. orbignyanus: Immature, Initial Maturation for 1 year old animals and Final Maturation for 2 and 3 year old animals. In the comparative analysis with ages of 1, 2 and 3 years, the proportion of species growth was higher in the first 2 years of life; the GSI shows a range of variation within the same reproductive phase, however, animals with two and three years of age, although they were in the same phase (Final Maturation) of the testicular development presented statistical differences in the GSI values, tending to accompany the age of the animal in an increasing manner; GSI is positively related to body mass and testicular gain (g), as well as to the growth (cm) and age of the animal. Stereological analysis showed that the proportion of spermatozoa in the lumen of the anastomosed tubules did not vary with the increase of GSI.
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Palavras-chave
Reprodução, Piracanjuba, Morfologia, Espermatozoides, Reproduction, Morphology, Spermatozoa