Desenvolvimento de uma membrana de látex natural e alginato para regeneração óssea
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Data
2019-04-16
Autores
Borges, Felipe Azevedo
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O látex natural extraído da Hevea brasiliensis apresenta atividade angiogênica, sendo empregado como próteses vasculares, suporte para osteoblastos, nanopartículas síntese, liberação de compostos, regeneração tecidual. Além disso, também tem sido utilizada como uma barreira para regeneração óssea guiada, dificultando invasão por células não osteogenicas na lesão óssea. O alginato é biocompatível, biodegradável, hidrofílico, e possui a capacidade de ativar macrófagos, auxiliando no processo de cicatrização e reepitelização do tecido. O PDGF-BB é um fator de crescimento que apresenta atividade angiogênica, mitogênica e quimiotáxica. Desta forma, este trabalho visou produzir, caracterizar e empregar blendas de látex e alginato (em diferentes proporções, com e sem reticulação por cálcio) para uso na regeneração óssea guiada. Os resultados mostraram que as blendas foram homogêneas, sem separação de fase, com superfície densa e sem porosidade. A adição de alginato, melhorou a hidrofilicidade da membrana de látex, segundo o intumescimento, ângulo de contato e permeação ao vapor de água. O alginato aumentou as propriedades mecânicas de tração do látex proporcional à adição de alginato, aumentando a tenção de ruptura de 0,88 MPa para até 16,46 MPa, e reduzindo o alongamento de 10,8 mm/mm para 1,5 mm/mm, assim como também aumentou sua degradação in vitro (de aproximadamente 1% para o látex natural, para 10% para membrana com 16% de alginato). As blendas não apresentaram efeito hemolítico (valores abaixo de 5%) nem citotóxico, proporcionando aumento da viabilidade da linhagem MC3T3-E1 de até 140%, conforme a proporção utilizada. Porém, ao ser utilizada em modelo de defeito na calvária de ratos, não foi encontrada diferença na regeneração óssea entre o controle, a membrana ou a membrana acrescida do fator de crescimento PDGF-BB.
The natural latex extracted from Hevea brasiliensis presents angiogenic activity, being used as vascular prostheses, support for osteoblasts, nanoparticles synthesis, release of compounds, tissue regeneration. In addition, it has also been used as a barrier to guided bone regeneration, difficult ting the invasion by non-osteogenic cells in the bone lesion. The alginate is biocompatible, biodegradable, hydrophilic, and has the ability to activate macrophages, aiding in the healing process and tissue re-epithelization. PDGF-BB is a growth factor that presents angiogenic, mitogenic and chemotactic activity. In this way, this work aimed to produce, characterize and apply latex and alginate blends (in different proportions, with and without calcium crosslinking) for use in guided bone regeneration. The results showed that the blends were homogeneous, without phase separation, with a dense surface and no porosity. The addition of alginate improved the hydrophilicity of the latex membrane, according to swelling, contact angle and permeation to water vapor. Alginate increased the mechanical properties of the latex proportional to the addition of alginate, increasing the tensile strength from 0.88 MPa to up to 16.46 MPa, and reducing the elongation from 10.8 mm/mm to 1.5 mm/mm, as well as increased in vitro degradation (from about 1% for natural rubber latex to 10% for membrane with 16% alginate). The blends did not present a hemolytic effect (values below 5%) or cytotoxic, increasing the viability of the MC3T3-E1 lineage up to 140%, according to the proportion used. However, when used in a model of defect in rat calvaria, no difference was found in bone regeneration between the control, the membrane or the membrane plus the PDGF-BB growth factor.
The natural latex extracted from Hevea brasiliensis presents angiogenic activity, being used as vascular prostheses, support for osteoblasts, nanoparticles synthesis, release of compounds, tissue regeneration. In addition, it has also been used as a barrier to guided bone regeneration, difficult ting the invasion by non-osteogenic cells in the bone lesion. The alginate is biocompatible, biodegradable, hydrophilic, and has the ability to activate macrophages, aiding in the healing process and tissue re-epithelization. PDGF-BB is a growth factor that presents angiogenic, mitogenic and chemotactic activity. In this way, this work aimed to produce, characterize and apply latex and alginate blends (in different proportions, with and without calcium crosslinking) for use in guided bone regeneration. The results showed that the blends were homogeneous, without phase separation, with a dense surface and no porosity. The addition of alginate improved the hydrophilicity of the latex membrane, according to swelling, contact angle and permeation to water vapor. Alginate increased the mechanical properties of the latex proportional to the addition of alginate, increasing the tensile strength from 0.88 MPa to up to 16.46 MPa, and reducing the elongation from 10.8 mm/mm to 1.5 mm/mm, as well as increased in vitro degradation (from about 1% for natural rubber latex to 10% for membrane with 16% alginate). The blends did not present a hemolytic effect (values below 5%) or cytotoxic, increasing the viability of the MC3T3-E1 lineage up to 140%, according to the proportion used. However, when used in a model of defect in rat calvaria, no difference was found in bone regeneration between the control, the membrane or the membrane plus the PDGF-BB growth factor.
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Palavras-chave
Látex, Alginato, Blenda polimérica, PDGF-BB, Regeneração óssea, Biomaterial