Aplicação de métodos geoelétricos para análise da estabilidade de barragens de terra
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2019-04-05
Autores
Coura, Marina Mendes [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Barragens são estruturas construídas com o intuito de criação de um reservatório para represamento de água ou rejeito. A construção de uma barragem deve ser feita de maneira cuidadosa, pois são estruturas que represam uma grande quantidade de água ou rejeito, e problemas nas obras de engenharia, localização imprópria ou falhas na execução do projeto pode vir a causar acidentes e rupturas na estrutura. A principal causa das rupturas e acidentes estão associados à erosão interna (piping) e galgamento (overtopping). Portanto, é fundamental que as barragens sejam monitoradas para que seja possível a garantia da segurança da estrutura. O estudo apresenta resultados da aplicação conjunta dos métodos geofísicos geoelétricos da Eletrorresistividade e Polarização Induzida integrados com o método geotécnico de permeabilidade do solo através do Permeâmetro de Guelph em duas barragens de terra na zona rural dos municípios de Cordeirópolis e Ipeúna (SP). A barragem de Cordeirópolis é caracterizada por solo laterítico argiloso proveniente das rochas básicas da Formação Serra Geral. A barragem de Ipeúna está situada em uma área de afloramento de diamictitos argilosos e sedimentos silto-arenosos do Grupo Itararé. Em cada barragem foram realizadas 2 linhas de tomografia elétrica com os arranjos Schlumberger, Dipolo-dipolo e Wenner, e com espaçamento entre eletrodos de 2 metros. Foram realizados 12 ensaios geotécnico de permeabilidade do solo, com 6 furos de 50 cm de profundidade em cada barragem. Os resultados geofísicos são apresentados em seções geofísicas 2D com valores de resistividade e cargabilidade. As zonas de baixa resistividade elétrica foram identificadas como zonas saturadas e de possível infiltração de água nas barragens de terra. O método da Polarização Induzida não apresentou resultados satisfatórios para a identificação de zonas de infiltração nas barragens, porém, como a aquisição é conjunta, é considerado um método para complementação do estudo. Os resultados geotécnicos apontam que o solo apresenta baixa permeabilidade, portanto, são considerados bons para a composição do corpo da barragem
Dams are structures built with purpose of creating a reservoir for damming water or tailings. The construction of a dam must be made with careful, as it's a structure that dam a large amount of water or tailing, and engineering problems, improper location or failures in projects execution can lead to accidents and ruptures in the dam structure. The main cause of ruptures and accidents are associated with piping and overtopping. Therefore, it's essential that dams are monitored so that the structure safety can be guaranteed. This study presents results of the joint application of geophysical methods of Electrical Resistivity and Induced Polarization, integrated with geotechnical method of soil permeability using the Guelph Permeameter in two earth dams in the rural area of Cordeiropolis and Ipeuna (SP). The Cordeiropolis dam is characterized by clayey lateritic soil from basic rocks of Serra Geral Formation. The Ipeuna dam is located in an outcrop area of clayey diamictites and silt-sandy sediments of Itarare Group. In each dam two electrical tomography lines were acquired using Schlumberger, Dipole-dipole and Wenner arrays and with electrode spacing of 2 meters. Twelve geotechnical tests of soil permeability were performed, with 6 holes of 50 centimeters depth in each dam. The geophysical results are presented in 2D geophysical sections with resistivity and chargeability. The low electrical resistivity zones were identified as saturated and possible water infiltration zones in the earth dams. The Induced Polarization didn't present satisfactory results for identifying infiltration zones in the dams, however, since the acquisition is made in a joint way, the method is used to complement the study. The geotechnical results indicate that the soil presents low permeability, therefore, they are considered good for the body composition of the dam.
Dams are structures built with purpose of creating a reservoir for damming water or tailings. The construction of a dam must be made with careful, as it's a structure that dam a large amount of water or tailing, and engineering problems, improper location or failures in projects execution can lead to accidents and ruptures in the dam structure. The main cause of ruptures and accidents are associated with piping and overtopping. Therefore, it's essential that dams are monitored so that the structure safety can be guaranteed. This study presents results of the joint application of geophysical methods of Electrical Resistivity and Induced Polarization, integrated with geotechnical method of soil permeability using the Guelph Permeameter in two earth dams in the rural area of Cordeiropolis and Ipeuna (SP). The Cordeiropolis dam is characterized by clayey lateritic soil from basic rocks of Serra Geral Formation. The Ipeuna dam is located in an outcrop area of clayey diamictites and silt-sandy sediments of Itarare Group. In each dam two electrical tomography lines were acquired using Schlumberger, Dipole-dipole and Wenner arrays and with electrode spacing of 2 meters. Twelve geotechnical tests of soil permeability were performed, with 6 holes of 50 centimeters depth in each dam. The geophysical results are presented in 2D geophysical sections with resistivity and chargeability. The low electrical resistivity zones were identified as saturated and possible water infiltration zones in the earth dams. The Induced Polarization didn't present satisfactory results for identifying infiltration zones in the dams, however, since the acquisition is made in a joint way, the method is used to complement the study. The geotechnical results indicate that the soil presents low permeability, therefore, they are considered good for the body composition of the dam.
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Palavras-chave
Barragens, Geofísica, Eletrorresistividade, Polarização induzida, Infiltração, Dams, Geophysics, Electrical resistivity, Induced polarization, Infiltration