Capacidade de suporte natural: caracterização da região do Médio Vale do Araguaia, estado do Mato Grosso
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Data
2019-03-25
Autores
Gomig, Elizandra Goldoni [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A região do médio vale do Araguaia encontra na fronteira de expansão agrícola do Estado do Mato Grosso. Entretanto, os estudos de planejamento e sustentabilidade para um melhor aproveitamento de suas capacidades naturais, bem como de suas limitações para a implantação de uma atividade agroindustrial em larga escala, ainda são escassos. Desta forma, objetivou-se a aplicação de um procedimento metodológico que auxiliasse a compartimentação do meio físico, mediante o uso de geotecnologias e aspectos geodinâmico, visando determinar a capacidade suporte natural e o planejamento do uso e ocupação da terra em escala regional. Assim, foi aplicado a sistemática do Zoneamento Geoambiental. Os resultados das análises de drenagem, relevo, morfoestrutura e morfotectônica demonstrou que a região apresenta um intenso processo de deformação estrutural, gerando paisagens de abatimento e soerguimento por blocos (horsts e grabens), altos e baixos estruturais deformados e altos e baixos topográficos intercalados. Na área também ocorre uma diversidade de elementos litológicos, devido a presença do cinturão Araguaia, e consequentemente uma variação de classes de solos e elementos da paisagem. O zoneamento Geoambiental ficou dividido em sete (7) Zonas e dezesseis (16) Subzonas Geoambientais. A Capacidade de Suporte Natural (CSN) na região apresentou quatro classes (muito baixa, baixa, moderada e alta), com destaque para as classes moderada (III) e alta (IV), indicativo de uma boa aptidão, de modo geral, para o uso agropastoril. A integração das subzonas geoambientais associadas a capacidade de suporte natural permitiu indicar com segurança sobre as adequabilidades e/ou limitações dos terrenos frente a uma determinada forma de uso. Nesta integração, classificaram-se as áreas em seis (6) zonas de manejo regional, trazendo o potencial para o desenvolvimento, em função da suscetibilidade natural ao emprego de atividades agropastoris.
The region of the middle Araguaia valley lies on the border of agricultural expansion of the State of Mato Grosso. However, planning and sustainability studies to better exploit their natural capacities, as well as their limitations to the implementation of a large-scale agroindustrial activity, are still scarce. In this way, the objective was to apply a methodological procedure that would aid the compartmentalization of the physical environment, through the use of geotechnologies and geodynamic aspects, aiming to determine the natural support capacity and the planning of land use and occupation on a regional scale. Thus, the system of Geoenvironmental Zoning was applied. The results of the analysis of drainage, relief, morphoestructure and morphothectonic showed that the region presents an intense process of structural deformation, generating landscapes of abatement and uplift by blocks (horsts and grabens), deformed highs and lows and intercalated topographic and topographical lows and lows. In the area also occurs a diversity of lithologic elements, due to the presence of the Araguaia belt, and consequently a variation of classes of soils and elements of the landscape. Geoenvironmental zoning was divided into seven (7) Zones and sixteen (16) Geoenvironmental Subzones. The Natural Support Capacity (CSN) in the region has four classes (very low, low, moderate and high), with emphasis on the moderate (III) and high (IV) classes, indicative of good fitness, in general, for the agropastoral use. The integration of the geoenvironmental subzones associated with the natural support capacity allowed to indicate with certainty the adequacies and / or limitations of the lands in front of a certain form of use. In this integration, the areas were classified into six (6) zones of regional management, bringing the potential of development, as a function of the natural susceptibility to the use of agropastoral activities.
The region of the middle Araguaia valley lies on the border of agricultural expansion of the State of Mato Grosso. However, planning and sustainability studies to better exploit their natural capacities, as well as their limitations to the implementation of a large-scale agroindustrial activity, are still scarce. In this way, the objective was to apply a methodological procedure that would aid the compartmentalization of the physical environment, through the use of geotechnologies and geodynamic aspects, aiming to determine the natural support capacity and the planning of land use and occupation on a regional scale. Thus, the system of Geoenvironmental Zoning was applied. The results of the analysis of drainage, relief, morphoestructure and morphothectonic showed that the region presents an intense process of structural deformation, generating landscapes of abatement and uplift by blocks (horsts and grabens), deformed highs and lows and intercalated topographic and topographical lows and lows. In the area also occurs a diversity of lithologic elements, due to the presence of the Araguaia belt, and consequently a variation of classes of soils and elements of the landscape. Geoenvironmental zoning was divided into seven (7) Zones and sixteen (16) Geoenvironmental Subzones. The Natural Support Capacity (CSN) in the region has four classes (very low, low, moderate and high), with emphasis on the moderate (III) and high (IV) classes, indicative of good fitness, in general, for the agropastoral use. The integration of the geoenvironmental subzones associated with the natural support capacity allowed to indicate with certainty the adequacies and / or limitations of the lands in front of a certain form of use. In this integration, the areas were classified into six (6) zones of regional management, bringing the potential of development, as a function of the natural susceptibility to the use of agropastoral activities.
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Palavras-chave
Zoneamento geoambiental, Suscetibilidade a erosão, Cartas temáticas, Capacidade de suporte natural, Geoenvironmental zoning, Susceptibility to erosion, Thematic charts, Natural support capability