Estudo da estabilidade à oxidação do biodiesel com adição de bioantioxidante proveniente do resíduo do abacate
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Data
2019-03-28
Autores
Gasperin, Katiane de Morais
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Há um avanço nas pesquisas envolvendo aditivos para a comercialização do biodiesel, pois o mesmo possui características de se oxidar facilmente com ação da luz, ar e temperatura, dessa forma, diminuindo o tempo de estocagem e de transporte do biodiesel. Para isso é adicionado inibidores de formação de radicais, os quais são formados no processo de oxidação do biodiesel. Atualmente na indústria, são utilizados antioxidantes sintéticos derivados do petróleo, porém com o propósito ambiental, incentiva-se a busca de antioxidantes naturais, derivados de origem vegetal. Uma alternativa que pode ser utilizado como antioxidante para o biodiesel pertence ao extrato do resíduo do abacate, este composto pela a casca e a semente do abacate. O abacate é um bom antioxidante, sendo indicado na alimentação para prevenção de doenças por constituir vitaminas na sua composição, tanto na polpa como na sua casca e semente. Por conta disso, este trabalho tem como principal objetivo averiguar a atividade bioantioxidante do resíduo do abacate no biodiesel de soja, por meio do estudo da estabilidade a oxidação. Para a extração do bioantioxidante, foram feitos extratos aquosos e etanólicos, com concentrações e tempos diferenciados, em seguida, adicionados no processo de lavagem do biodiesel, estes fatores que foram delineados estatisticamente para estimar um melhor tempo de estocagem. Bem como, realizaram-se caraterizações físico-químicas do resíduo do abacate e do biodiesel. No biodiesel realizaram-se os ensaios de controle de qualidade como, os ensaios de aspectos de cor, massa específica, condutividade elétrica, estabilidade à oxidação e analises térmicas. Também para ambos biodiesel e resíduo do abacate, determinou-se a energia de ativação e o fator pré-exponencial nos métodos de cálculo Ozawa-Flynn-Wall e Kissinger-Akahira- Sunose. Desta maneira, a medida que realizou-se os delineamentos experimentais para o estudo da oxidação do biodiesel, alguns valores de tempo de estocagem foram obtidos acima do que 8 horas, conforme determinado pela Resolução da ANP Nº 45 DE 25/08/2014. Diante disso, os resultados satisfatórios foram para o biodiesel com adição do extrato antioxidante etanólico da semente e casca, tempo de extração (4 e 6 horas), respectivamente e na concentração (6 g L-1). Com um tempo de estocagem de 10,39 horas para BAS e 8,58 horas para BAC. Portanto, pode-se inferir que os extratos do resíduo do abacate possuem potencial de inibição de oxidação no biodiesel de soja B100.
There is a way in the research of additives for the commercialization of biodiesel, since it has oxidation characteristics that are easy with the action of light, and the temperature, in this way, decreases the storage time and biodiesel transport. For this is associated inhibitors for formation of radials, which are formed in oxidation of biodiesel. The food industry, antioxidants and natural antioxidants, is an industry of natural incentives, incentives to research natural antioxidants, derivatives of plant origin. An alternative that can be used as an antioxidant for biodiesel to the extract of the residue avocado is composed of the bark and avocado seed. Avocado is a good antioxidant, being indicated in food for the prevention of diseases because of its causes, both in the pulp as in its bark and seed. Therefore, this work has as main objective a bio-antioxidant activity of the non-biodiesel soybean avocado residue, through the study of oxidation stability. In addition, in addition, in addition to the biodiesel process, these factors were statistically delineated by estimating a better storage time. As well as, physico-chemical properties of the avocado residue and biodiesel are produced. Without biodiesel conducting the quality control tests, the tests of color aspects, direction mass, electrical conductivity, oxidation stability and thermal analyzes. Also for biodiesel and avocado residue, the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were determined in the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose calculation methods. Thus, once experimental experiments were carried out to study the oxidation of biodiesel, some experiment time values were tested for the 8-hour period, based on ANP Resolution number. 45 of 08/25/2014. Therefore, the results were compared with the biodiesel with ethanolic antioxidant extract of the seed and bark, extraction time (4 and 6 hours), respectively and in the concentration (6 g L-1). With a storage time of 10.39 hours for BAS and 8.58 hours for BAC. Therefore, it is possible to infer extracts of the avocado residue as potential inhibition of the non-biodiesel oxidation of B100 soybean.
There is a way in the research of additives for the commercialization of biodiesel, since it has oxidation characteristics that are easy with the action of light, and the temperature, in this way, decreases the storage time and biodiesel transport. For this is associated inhibitors for formation of radials, which are formed in oxidation of biodiesel. The food industry, antioxidants and natural antioxidants, is an industry of natural incentives, incentives to research natural antioxidants, derivatives of plant origin. An alternative that can be used as an antioxidant for biodiesel to the extract of the residue avocado is composed of the bark and avocado seed. Avocado is a good antioxidant, being indicated in food for the prevention of diseases because of its causes, both in the pulp as in its bark and seed. Therefore, this work has as main objective a bio-antioxidant activity of the non-biodiesel soybean avocado residue, through the study of oxidation stability. In addition, in addition, in addition to the biodiesel process, these factors were statistically delineated by estimating a better storage time. As well as, physico-chemical properties of the avocado residue and biodiesel are produced. Without biodiesel conducting the quality control tests, the tests of color aspects, direction mass, electrical conductivity, oxidation stability and thermal analyzes. Also for biodiesel and avocado residue, the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were determined in the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose calculation methods. Thus, once experimental experiments were carried out to study the oxidation of biodiesel, some experiment time values were tested for the 8-hour period, based on ANP Resolution number. 45 of 08/25/2014. Therefore, the results were compared with the biodiesel with ethanolic antioxidant extract of the seed and bark, extraction time (4 and 6 hours), respectively and in the concentration (6 g L-1). With a storage time of 10.39 hours for BAS and 8.58 hours for BAC. Therefore, it is possible to infer extracts of the avocado residue as potential inhibition of the non-biodiesel oxidation of B100 soybean.
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Palavras-chave
Antioxidante, Biocombustível, Bioenergia, Abacate, Biomassa