Desempenho operacional e econômico de transplante mecanizado de mudas de brócolis em dois tipos de preparo de solo
Carregando...
Data
2019-04-05
Autores
Almeida, Samantha Vieira de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A horticultura requer estudos com foco na difusão de sistemas mecanizados específicos, os quais impulsionem efetivamente algumas operações do campo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o desempenho operacional e econômico de transplante mecanizado de mudas de brócolis em dois tipos de preparos de solo, sendo eles o preparo convencional e o sistema de plantio direto manejado com palhada de milheto. O experimento foi instalado no município de Pardinho – SP, numa área comercial de hortaliças. Para realizar o transplante das mudas foi utilizado o conjunto mecanizado composto por um trator da marca New Holland, modelo TL60E®, 4x2, com potência nominal de 48 kW (65 cv), tracionando uma transplantadora italiana da marca Fedele Mario, modelo MAX® e por uma transplantadora automotriz, com potência nominal de 2,2 kW (3 cv) fabricada pela empresa Yanmar Co., Ltd, modelo PH1.WA®, composta por uma linha de transplante. Foram analisados os dados de desempenho operacional e econômico dos métodos de transplante nos tipos de preparo de solo e as características agronômicas do brócolis, além da quantidade mínima de mudas para realizar a troca do transplante manual para o sistema semimecanizado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas com quatro repetições. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a uma análise de variância seguida do Teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A transplantadora automotriz demonstrou ter um custo operacional menor em sistema de plantio direto. A transplantadora tratorizada, obteve uma maior capacidade de campo operacional em relação à transplantadora automotriz. A quantidade mínima de mudas produzidas para que seja economicamente viável trocar o transplante manual pelo semimecanizado na transplantadora automotriz é de 314.241 mudas ao mês ou 8 hectares de área mínima produtiva, enquanto na transplantadora tratorizada a quantidade mínima de mudas é de 510.960 mensal ou 13 hectares de área mínima produtiva. Com as avaliações de análise econômica conclui-se que o projeto de investimento para aquisição de máquinas transplantadoras em substituição ao transplante manual é viável para ambas as máquinas avaliadas.
Horticulture demands studies focusing on diffusing specialised mechanised systems, those of which that advance certain operations on rural areas. Therefore, the main objective of this paper was to analyse the overall economic and operational efficiency of three methods for transplanting broccoli seedlings in two different soil configurations, those being a conventional preparation process and no-till using millet. Such experiment was installed in Pardinho - SP, in a commercial plot destined to vegetable crops. The aforementioned seedling transplants was realised with a mechanised group composed of a New Holland model TL60E 4x2 tractor with nominal power of 48kW (65 cv) and an italian Fedele Mario Max conveyor and a Yanmar Co PH1.WA self propelled machine conveyor, with a nominal power of 2.2 kW (3 cv), composed of a transplanting line. Data was analysed to determine the economic and operational efficiency of the proposed methods on the two soil preparation techniques and the agro-economic characteristics of broccoli, not to mention the least amount of seedlings needed to move from manual transplants to semi-mechanised. The experimental design was a randomized block with subdivided plots with four replicates. The gathered data was submitted to a variation analysis followed by a Tukey test set to 5% chance. It was concluded that operations done with a semi-mechanised tractor-powered conveyor have a better operational and field coverage when compared to a self propelled machine conveyor. The lowest number of seedlings required to move from a manual transplant to semi-mechanised whilst maintaining economic profitability a self propelled machine conveyor was 314,241 seedlings per month or 8 hectares of minimum productive area, against 510,960 seedlings or 13 hectares production area when moving to a tractor-powered conveyor. For the broccoli culture, the economic analysis evaluations showed that the investment project for the acquisition of conveyor to replace the manual transplant is feasible for both evaluated machines
Horticulture demands studies focusing on diffusing specialised mechanised systems, those of which that advance certain operations on rural areas. Therefore, the main objective of this paper was to analyse the overall economic and operational efficiency of three methods for transplanting broccoli seedlings in two different soil configurations, those being a conventional preparation process and no-till using millet. Such experiment was installed in Pardinho - SP, in a commercial plot destined to vegetable crops. The aforementioned seedling transplants was realised with a mechanised group composed of a New Holland model TL60E 4x2 tractor with nominal power of 48kW (65 cv) and an italian Fedele Mario Max conveyor and a Yanmar Co PH1.WA self propelled machine conveyor, with a nominal power of 2.2 kW (3 cv), composed of a transplanting line. Data was analysed to determine the economic and operational efficiency of the proposed methods on the two soil preparation techniques and the agro-economic characteristics of broccoli, not to mention the least amount of seedlings needed to move from manual transplants to semi-mechanised. The experimental design was a randomized block with subdivided plots with four replicates. The gathered data was submitted to a variation analysis followed by a Tukey test set to 5% chance. It was concluded that operations done with a semi-mechanised tractor-powered conveyor have a better operational and field coverage when compared to a self propelled machine conveyor. The lowest number of seedlings required to move from a manual transplant to semi-mechanised whilst maintaining economic profitability a self propelled machine conveyor was 314,241 seedlings per month or 8 hectares of minimum productive area, against 510,960 seedlings or 13 hectares production area when moving to a tractor-powered conveyor. For the broccoli culture, the economic analysis evaluations showed that the investment project for the acquisition of conveyor to replace the manual transplant is feasible for both evaluated machines
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Brassica oleracea. hortaliças. plantio direto.