Avaliação dos efeitos da terapia de fotobiomodulação sobre parâmetros de atividade muscular, tempo até a exaustão em esforço retangular no domínio severo em ciclo ergômetro e nos aspectos centrais e periféricos da fadiga muscular
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Data
2019-04-17
Autores
Dutra, Yago Medeiros
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo geral da presente dissertação foi investigar os efeitos de duas doses de TFBM sobre o tempo até a exaustão em esforço retangular no domínio severo em ciclo ergômetro, explorando durante o exercício as respostas fisiológicas decorrentes da atividade muscular (i.e., metabólicas, gasométricas, eletromiográficas e respiratórias), assim como, os aspectos centrais e periféricos da fadiga muscular após esforço. Para isso, dois estudos foram realizados, estudo 1 e 2. Participaram do projeto 27 voluntários (14 participantes no estudo 1 e 13 no estudo 2. O estudo 1 teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos de duas doses de TFBM sobre aspectos centrais e periféricos da fadiga muscular após esforço de ciclismo em carga constante no domínio severo (Δ60%) com duração equalizada, analisando também, as respostas neuromusculares durante o esforço. Os sujeitos realizaram 5 esforços em dias distintos, um na forma de familiarização e um na forma controle, ambos até à exaustão e três, com duração idêntica à atingida na condição controle, precedidos por uma das três intervenções utilizadas no presente estudo: TFBM na dose de 260 J, TFBM na dose de 130 J e placebo, TFBM com o aparelho desligado (estudo randomizado, cruzado com duplo-cegamento). Durante o esforço as repostas eletromiográficas de músculos do membro inferior dominante foram avaliadas e antes e após esforço, contrações voluntárias máximas associada à eletroestimulação periférica do nervo femoral foram efetuadas, objetivando investigar aspectos centrais e periféricos da fadiga muscular. Já no estudo 2, os voluntários realizaram em dias distintos 5 esforços, todos até à exaustão, os 2 primeiros na forma de familiarização, os últimos 3 precedidos por uma das três modalidades de intervenção (TFBM na dose de 260 J, ou 130 J, ou placebo; estudo randomizado, cruzado com duplo-cegamento). Ainda, durante os três últimos esforços, houveram o monitoramento das respostas eletromiográficas de músculos do membro inferior dominante, respostas capilares gasométricas, das concentrações de lactato sanguíneo e da troca gasosa respiratória, com as coletas e/ou análises sendo realizadas em janelas de tempo idênticas para as 3 condições, determinadas com base no menor tempo atingido entre os três últimos esforços. Diante do resultados obtidos nos estudos 1 e 2, de modo geral, a TFBM nos parâmetros utilizados teve uma ligeira positiva influência sobre aspectos neuromusculares durante a realização do esforço (significante) e sobre a fadiga muscular após esforço (não significante). No entanto, não observou-se efeito da TFBM no tempo até exaustão no tipo de esforço proposto, bem como mudanças nas respostas metabólicas, gasométricas e respiratórias durante exercício.
The general objective of this dissertation was to investigate the effects of two doses of photobiomodulation (PBM) on time to exhaustion in a constant load cycling effort at severe domain (Δ60%, [CLE60]), exploring during the exercise the physiological responses resulting from muscular activity (ie, metabolic, gasometric, electromyographic and respiratory), as well as the central and peripheral aspects of muscle fatigue after effort. For this, two studies were carried out, study 1 and 2. Twenty-seven volunteers (14 participants in study 1 and 13 in study 2) participated in the study. Study 1 aimed to investigate the effects of two doses of PBM on central and peripheral aspects after CLE60 with equalized duration (ie, isotime) as well as the neuromuscular responses during the exercise. The subjects performed 5 efforts on different days, one in the form of familiarization and one in the control form, both until exhaustion. The last three efforts were performed with the same duration as that reached in the control condition, preceded by one of the three interventions used in the present study: PBM at the dose of 260 J, PBM at 130 J and placebo (PBM with the device switched off, dose of 0 J). During the last 4 exercises, the electromyographic responses of muscles of the dominant lower limb were evaluated and before and after the last three efforts, neuromuscular evaluations associated with peripheral electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve were performed, aiming to investigate central and peripheral aspects of muscle fatigue. In study 2, the volunteers performed on different days, 5 CLE60 to exhaustion, the first 2 in the form of familiarization, the last 3 preceded by one of the three modalities of intervention (PBM at the dose of 260 J, or 130 J, or placebo in a randomized, double-blinding cross-over design). Also, during the last three efforts, the electromyographic responses of dominant lower limb muscles, gasometric capillary responses, blood lactate concentrations and respiratory gas exchange were monitored, with the collections and/or analyzes being performed in identical time windows for the 3 conditions, determined on the basis of the shortest time achieved between the last three efforts. Considering the results obtained in studies 1 and 2, in general, the PBM in the parameters used had a slight positive influence on neuromuscular aspects during effort (significant) and on muscle fatigue after effort (non significant). However, there was no effect of PBM in the time until exhaustion in the type of effort proposed, as well as changes in metabolic, gasometric and respiratory responses during exercise
The general objective of this dissertation was to investigate the effects of two doses of photobiomodulation (PBM) on time to exhaustion in a constant load cycling effort at severe domain (Δ60%, [CLE60]), exploring during the exercise the physiological responses resulting from muscular activity (ie, metabolic, gasometric, electromyographic and respiratory), as well as the central and peripheral aspects of muscle fatigue after effort. For this, two studies were carried out, study 1 and 2. Twenty-seven volunteers (14 participants in study 1 and 13 in study 2) participated in the study. Study 1 aimed to investigate the effects of two doses of PBM on central and peripheral aspects after CLE60 with equalized duration (ie, isotime) as well as the neuromuscular responses during the exercise. The subjects performed 5 efforts on different days, one in the form of familiarization and one in the control form, both until exhaustion. The last three efforts were performed with the same duration as that reached in the control condition, preceded by one of the three interventions used in the present study: PBM at the dose of 260 J, PBM at 130 J and placebo (PBM with the device switched off, dose of 0 J). During the last 4 exercises, the electromyographic responses of muscles of the dominant lower limb were evaluated and before and after the last three efforts, neuromuscular evaluations associated with peripheral electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve were performed, aiming to investigate central and peripheral aspects of muscle fatigue. In study 2, the volunteers performed on different days, 5 CLE60 to exhaustion, the first 2 in the form of familiarization, the last 3 preceded by one of the three modalities of intervention (PBM at the dose of 260 J, or 130 J, or placebo in a randomized, double-blinding cross-over design). Also, during the last three efforts, the electromyographic responses of dominant lower limb muscles, gasometric capillary responses, blood lactate concentrations and respiratory gas exchange were monitored, with the collections and/or analyzes being performed in identical time windows for the 3 conditions, determined on the basis of the shortest time achieved between the last three efforts. Considering the results obtained in studies 1 and 2, in general, the PBM in the parameters used had a slight positive influence on neuromuscular aspects during effort (significant) and on muscle fatigue after effort (non significant). However, there was no effect of PBM in the time until exhaustion in the type of effort proposed, as well as changes in metabolic, gasometric and respiratory responses during exercise
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Palavras-chave
Terapia de fotobiomodulação, Fadiga muscular, Desempenho físico., Photobiomodulation therapy, Muscle fatigue, Exercise