Efeitos clínicos e imunológicos de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de ômega-3 e aspirina em baixa dosagem como adjuvantes ao debridamento periodontal em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2: estudo clínico randomizado
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Data
2019-05-31
Autores
Castro dos Santos, Nídia Cristina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A suplementação diária com ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de ômega-3 (ω-3) e a aspirina em baixa dosagem foram propostas como terapia de modulação do hospedeiro para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias crônicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as ações clínicas e imunológicas do ω-3 e da aspirina (AAS) como terapia adjunta ao debridamento periodontal de boca toda para o tratamento da periodontite em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2. Setenta e cinco pacientes (n=25/grupo) que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão foram randomicamente designados para receber placebo e debridamento periodontal (GC), ω-3 (3g de óleo de peixe/dia por 60 dias) e AAS (100mg/dia por 60 dias) após o debridamento periodontal (GT1), e (3g de óleo de peixe/dia por 60 dias) e AAS (100mg/dia por 60 dias) antes do debridamento periodontal (GT2). Parâmetros clínicos periodontais e fluido gengival crevicular (FGC) foram coletados no baseline (t0), 90 dias (GT1 e GC) (t1), após a suplementação/medicação com ω-3 e AAS (t1), e 180 dias após o debridamento periodontal (todos os grupos) (t2). Dez pacientes (40%) no GT1 e nove pacientes (36%) no GT2 alcançaram o endpoint clínico para o tratamento (≤4 bolsas periodontais com profundidade de sondagem (PS)≥ 5mm), em contraste com quatro (16%) no GC. Houve ganho de inserção em bolsas moderadas e em bolsas profundas entre t0 e t2 para o GT1. Os níveis de concentração de IFN-γ, IL-1β e IL-8 apresentaram redução em t2 para os dois grupos teste, com mudanças significantes prévias (t1) para o GT1. Os níveis de IL-6 apresentaram redução em t1 e em t2 para o GT1, e a MIP-1α reduziu em t2 no GT2. No GC a IL-1β foi a única citocina a apresentar diferença estatisticamente significante na comparação entre tempos. Os resultados deste estudo clínico sugerem que a terapia adjuvante de ω-3 a AAS após o debridamento periodontal promove maiores benefícios clínicos e imunológicos ao tratamento da periodontite em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 quando comparado aos demais protocolos avaliados.
Daily dietary supplementation with omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and low-dose aspirin (ASA) have been proposed as a host modulation therapy for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and immunological actions of ω-3 PUFAs and ASA as an adjunct therapy to full-mouth periodontal debridement for the treatment of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Seventy-five patients (n=25/group) meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to receive placebo and periodontal debridement (CG), ω-3 (3g of fish oil/day for 60 days) and ASA (100mg/day for 60 days) after periodontal debridement (TG1), and ω-3 (3g of fish oil/day for 60 days) and ASA (100mg/day for 60 days) before periodontal debridement (TG2). Periodontal clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected at baseline (t0), 90 days (TG1 and CG) (t1), after ω-3 and ASA only (TG2) (t1), and 180 days after periodontal debridement (all groups) (t2). Ten patients (40%) in TG1 and nine patients (36%) in TG2 achieved the clinical endpoint for treatment (≤4 periodontal pockets with probing depth (PD)≥ 5mm), as opposed to four (16%) in CG. There was clinical attachment gain in moderate and deep pockets between t0 and t2 for TG1. Concentration levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-8 decreased over time for both test groups, with early (t1) significant changes for TG1. IL-6 levels were lower at t1 and t2 for TG1, and MIP-1α decreased at t2 for TG2. In the CG, IL1β was the only marker presenting statistically significant changes over time. The results of this clinical study suggest that the adjunctive use of ω-3 and ASA after periodontal debridement provides clinical and immunological benefits to the treatment of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes when compared to the other treatment protocols evaluated.
Daily dietary supplementation with omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and low-dose aspirin (ASA) have been proposed as a host modulation therapy for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and immunological actions of ω-3 PUFAs and ASA as an adjunct therapy to full-mouth periodontal debridement for the treatment of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Seventy-five patients (n=25/group) meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to receive placebo and periodontal debridement (CG), ω-3 (3g of fish oil/day for 60 days) and ASA (100mg/day for 60 days) after periodontal debridement (TG1), and ω-3 (3g of fish oil/day for 60 days) and ASA (100mg/day for 60 days) before periodontal debridement (TG2). Periodontal clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected at baseline (t0), 90 days (TG1 and CG) (t1), after ω-3 and ASA only (TG2) (t1), and 180 days after periodontal debridement (all groups) (t2). Ten patients (40%) in TG1 and nine patients (36%) in TG2 achieved the clinical endpoint for treatment (≤4 periodontal pockets with probing depth (PD)≥ 5mm), as opposed to four (16%) in CG. There was clinical attachment gain in moderate and deep pockets between t0 and t2 for TG1. Concentration levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-8 decreased over time for both test groups, with early (t1) significant changes for TG1. IL-6 levels were lower at t1 and t2 for TG1, and MIP-1α decreased at t2 for TG2. In the CG, IL1β was the only marker presenting statistically significant changes over time. The results of this clinical study suggest that the adjunctive use of ω-3 and ASA after periodontal debridement provides clinical and immunological benefits to the treatment of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes when compared to the other treatment protocols evaluated.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Periodontite, Diabetes, Ácidos graxos Ômega-3, Aspirina, Inflamação, Periodontitis. Diabetes, Omega-3 fatty acids, Aspirin, Inflammation mediators