Análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em cães saudáveis em diferentes faixas etárias
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Data
2019-04-26
Autores
Romão, Luciene Maria Martinello
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A modulação autonômica da frequência cardíaca reflete-se na variabilidade da frequência cárdiaca (VFC). Estudos em humanos hígidos mostraram que a VFC sofre redução com o avançar da idade e também que há uma imaturidade autonômica em neonatos, alterando esses índices. Esta análise apresenta perspectivas interesantes em cães, contudo, antes mesmo que possa ser utilizada, é pertinente que se estabeleça melhor compreensão sobre o comportamento fisiológico da modulação autonômica cardíaca. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever um padrão característico de comportamento autonômico cardíaco em cães saudáveis em diferentes faixas etárias. Foi analisada a VFC no domínio do tempo e no domínio da frequência, utilizando o Holter e o frequencímetro em curto prazo em 87 cães. Observou-se que cães entre um e sete anos de idade, apresentaram maior VFC quando comparada a outras faixas etárias. Cães idosos (> 8 anos), exibiram tendência natural a diminuição dos marcadores parassimpáticos cardíacos da VFC, enquanto cães filhotes (< 1 ano), apresentaram maior predomínio simpático e consequentemente, menor VFC. Conclui-se que o balanço dos sistemas simpático e parassimpático, sofre influência da idade em cães, alterando os valores da VFC. Então é de extrema importância obter valores de referência, para futuras análises em diferentes afecções clínicas. Estas análises podem ser realizadas pelo Holter e frequencímetro cardíaco, mesmo apresentando limitações para cães, ambos os métodos avaliam a VFC.
Autonomic heart rate modulation is reflected by heart rate variability (HRV). Studies in healthy human subjects show that the HRV is reduced with the advancing age and also, that there is an autonomic immaturity in neonates, which alters these parameters. This analysis presents interesting perspectives in dogs, however, even before it can be used, it is pertinent to establish a better understanding of the physiological behavior of cardiac autonomic modulation. The objective of this study was to describe a characteristic pattern of cardiac autonomic behavior in healthy dogs in different age groups. Time and frequency domain of HRV were analyzed using Holter and the short-term heart rate monitor in 87 dogs. It was observed that in dogs between one and seven years of age, they present higher HRV when compared to other age groups. Older dogs (> 8 years) had a natural tendency to decrease cardiac parasympathetic markers of HRV, while puppies (<1 year) had a upper sympathetic predominance and, consequently, lower HRV. It is concluded that the balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, is influenced by age in dogs, changing HRV values in the short term. Therefore, it is extremely important to obtain reference values for future analyzes in different diseases. These analyzes can be performed by the Holter and cardiac frequency meter, even with limitations for dogs, since both evaluate the heart rate variability.
Autonomic heart rate modulation is reflected by heart rate variability (HRV). Studies in healthy human subjects show that the HRV is reduced with the advancing age and also, that there is an autonomic immaturity in neonates, which alters these parameters. This analysis presents interesting perspectives in dogs, however, even before it can be used, it is pertinent to establish a better understanding of the physiological behavior of cardiac autonomic modulation. The objective of this study was to describe a characteristic pattern of cardiac autonomic behavior in healthy dogs in different age groups. Time and frequency domain of HRV were analyzed using Holter and the short-term heart rate monitor in 87 dogs. It was observed that in dogs between one and seven years of age, they present higher HRV when compared to other age groups. Older dogs (> 8 years) had a natural tendency to decrease cardiac parasympathetic markers of HRV, while puppies (<1 year) had a upper sympathetic predominance and, consequently, lower HRV. It is concluded that the balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, is influenced by age in dogs, changing HRV values in the short term. Therefore, it is extremely important to obtain reference values for future analyzes in different diseases. These analyzes can be performed by the Holter and cardiac frequency meter, even with limitations for dogs, since both evaluate the heart rate variability.
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Palavras-chave
Cardiologia, Sistema nervoso autônomo, Frequencímetro, Holter, Cardiology, Autonomic nervous system, Heart rate monitor