O discurso da autoajuda presente na educação: uma leitura a partir da biopolítica foucaultiana
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Data
2019-03-25
Autores
Vicente, Luciano Aparecido
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo discutir a emergência do discurso de autoajuda dirigido à educação escolar. Referimo-nos, especificamente, a algumas obras de Augusto Cury, que serão analisadas nesta Dissertação, cujo foco se volta para professores, alunos, pais e demais profissionais da educação. Analisamos esse discurso a partir dos conceitos de biopolítica e governamentalidade de Michel Foucault, para pensar de que maneira a autoajuda se transformou, hoje, num discurso que orienta o indivíduo a se transformar em um capital humano. A discussão da biopolítica, na perspectiva neoliberal, nos possibilita compreender que esse discurso orienta o indivíduo para que ele seja capaz de fazer render o seu corpo e seu valor – capital humano. Dentro do contexto contemporâneo, marcado por síndromes, ansiedades e processos de adoecimentos decorrentes das exigências competitivas do capitalismo, a busca pelos discursos de autoajuda tem-se apresentado como um fenômeno contemporâneo com forte ressonância, inclusive no âmbito educacional. Identificado como um discurso imperativo e com características específicas, ele visa a orientar e a treinar a conduta dos indivíduos em consonância com os interesses do empreendedorismo neoliberal. Identificamos, nas obras de Augusto Cury, com destaque para aquelas direcionadas à educação, as características assumidas pela literatura de autoajuda, em seus aspectos mais gerais. O intuito, nesta Dissertação, é compreender e explicitar o funcionamento dos discursos de autoajuda no contexto educacional e o quanto eles se articulam a modos de governo e condução de condutas, próprios às práticas neoliberais contemporâneas. Desse modo, essa literatura configura um tipo de tecnologia que objetiva a produção do si mesmo afinado com as ideias do mercado.
This research aims to discuss the emergency of self-help discourse addressed to school education. We refer, specifically, to some works by Augusto Cury that will be analyzed in this dissertation, whose focus is directed to teachers, pupils, parents and other professionals of education. We analyze this discourse from Michel Foucault’s biopolitics and governmentality concepts, in order to consider how self-help has turned into a discourse that leads the individual to become a human capital. The discussion of biopolitics in the neoliberal perspective allows us to understand that this discourse guides the individual so that he is able to rise his body and his value – human capital. Within the contemporary context, marked by syndromes, anxieties and processes of illnesses resulting from competitive demands of capitalism, the search for self-help discourses has presented itself as a contemporary phenomenon with strong resonance, even in the educational scope. Identified as an imperative discourse with specific features, it aims to guide and train the behavior of individuals in accordance with the interests of neoliberal entrepreneurship. We identified in the works of Augusto Cury, especially those directed to education, the characteristics assumed by self-help literature in its broadest aspects. The purpose of this dissertation is to understand and explicit the operation of self-help discourses in the educational context and how they articulate themselves in terms of government and public policies, typical to contemporary neoliberal practices. Thus, this literature configures a sort of technology that aims for the production of oneself in tune with the ideas of the market.
This research aims to discuss the emergency of self-help discourse addressed to school education. We refer, specifically, to some works by Augusto Cury that will be analyzed in this dissertation, whose focus is directed to teachers, pupils, parents and other professionals of education. We analyze this discourse from Michel Foucault’s biopolitics and governmentality concepts, in order to consider how self-help has turned into a discourse that leads the individual to become a human capital. The discussion of biopolitics in the neoliberal perspective allows us to understand that this discourse guides the individual so that he is able to rise his body and his value – human capital. Within the contemporary context, marked by syndromes, anxieties and processes of illnesses resulting from competitive demands of capitalism, the search for self-help discourses has presented itself as a contemporary phenomenon with strong resonance, even in the educational scope. Identified as an imperative discourse with specific features, it aims to guide and train the behavior of individuals in accordance with the interests of neoliberal entrepreneurship. We identified in the works of Augusto Cury, especially those directed to education, the characteristics assumed by self-help literature in its broadest aspects. The purpose of this dissertation is to understand and explicit the operation of self-help discourses in the educational context and how they articulate themselves in terms of government and public policies, typical to contemporary neoliberal practices. Thus, this literature configures a sort of technology that aims for the production of oneself in tune with the ideas of the market.
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Palavras-chave
Autoajuda, Biopolítica, Educação, Empreendedorismo, Self-help, Biopolitics, Education, Entrepreneurship