Fator de impacto e avaliação da produção científica: compreensão na perspectiva das áreas de ciência da informação e matemática, probabilidade e estatística
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Data
2019-06-05
Autores
Almeida, Cátia Cândida de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Eugene Garfield configurou o pensamento referente às medidas e aos periódicos científicos, iniciou suas investigações com o propósito de desenvolver um índice de citação e percorreu caminhos que levaram à criação do Fator de Impacto (Journal Impact Factor). O Fator de impacto consiste em uma medida da frequência com que, em média, um artigo de um periódico foi citado em um determinado ano ou período. No entanto, diversas críticas têm sido apresentadas na literatura quanto a sua metodologia e utilização. Este trabalho objetiva caracterizar o entendimento dos pesquisadores brasileiros do campo da Ciência da Informação e da Matemática, Estatística e Probabilidade relativo ao significado do Fator de Impacto e sua adequação como representação da qualidade e relevância científica dos periódicos científicos do estrato A1, Qualis-Periódicos. Inicialmente desenvolveu-se um instrumento (questionário) de coleta de dados, um pré-teste e o estudo principal. Os resultados do estudo principal apontaram que os pesquisadores das áreas de Ciência da Informação associam o significado do Fator de Impacto à quantidade de citações e manifestaram os problemas que envolvem esse indicador. Os pesquisadores da Matemática, Probabilidade e Estatística demonstraram o significado do Fator de Impacto expressando a definição completa encontrada na literatura e sua forma de cálculo. Na perspectiva dos periódicos, por meio do ranking de ordenação segundo a classificação dos pesquisadores, identificaram-se três grupos: os periódicos que são usados para publicação, os periódicos que são considerados relevantes para o desenvolvimento científico das áreas e os periódicos de citação em suas pesquisas. Observou-se o indicativo de independência entre a prioridade do uso do periódico pelo pesquisador para publicação, disseminação do conhecimento relevante para área e citação em seus trabalhos em ambas as áreas. Este estudo contribuiu com a demonstração dos detalhes dos problemas que envolvem o indicador Fator de Impacto e o seu contexto de aplicação na avaliação da produção científica brasileira.
Eugene Garfield thought about scientific measures and journals, began his investigations with the purpose of developing Science Citation Index and followed the paths that led to the creation of the Journal Impact Factor. Journal Impact Factor is measure of the frequency with which, on average, an article of journal was cited in a given year or period. However, several criticism have been presented in literature about methodology and use. This work aims to characterize the understanding of Brazilian researchers in the field Information Science and Mathematics, Probability and Statistics related to the meaning of the Journal Impact Factor and its adequacy as representation of the quality and scientific relevance of scientific journals of cluster A1 of the system Qualis-Periódicos. Initially, data collection questionnaire was developed, pre-test study and then main study. The results of the main study pointed out that researchers in the field Information Science associate the meaning of Journal Impact Factor with number of citations and problems this indicator. The researchers of Mathematics, Probability and Statistics demonstrated significance of Journal Impact Factor expressing complete definition of the literature and its calculation method. From the perspective of classification ranking according of the researchers, three groups were identified: journals that are used for publication, journals that are considered relevant for the scientific development field and journals that are used for citation in the researches. It was observed independence indicator between the priority of the use of the journal by researcher for publication, dissemination of knowledge relevant to the area and citation in his works in both areas. This study contributed to the demonstration of details of the problems involving the Journal Impact Factor and its context of application in the evaluation of Brazilian scientific production.
Eugene Garfield thought about scientific measures and journals, began his investigations with the purpose of developing Science Citation Index and followed the paths that led to the creation of the Journal Impact Factor. Journal Impact Factor is measure of the frequency with which, on average, an article of journal was cited in a given year or period. However, several criticism have been presented in literature about methodology and use. This work aims to characterize the understanding of Brazilian researchers in the field Information Science and Mathematics, Probability and Statistics related to the meaning of the Journal Impact Factor and its adequacy as representation of the quality and scientific relevance of scientific journals of cluster A1 of the system Qualis-Periódicos. Initially, data collection questionnaire was developed, pre-test study and then main study. The results of the main study pointed out that researchers in the field Information Science associate the meaning of Journal Impact Factor with number of citations and problems this indicator. The researchers of Mathematics, Probability and Statistics demonstrated significance of Journal Impact Factor expressing complete definition of the literature and its calculation method. From the perspective of classification ranking according of the researchers, three groups were identified: journals that are used for publication, journals that are considered relevant for the scientific development field and journals that are used for citation in the researches. It was observed independence indicator between the priority of the use of the journal by researcher for publication, dissemination of knowledge relevant to the area and citation in his works in both areas. This study contributed to the demonstration of details of the problems involving the Journal Impact Factor and its context of application in the evaluation of Brazilian scientific production.
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Palavras-chave
Produção científica, Avaliação de periódicos, Índice de citação, Fator de impacto, Scientific production, Evaluation of journal scientific, Science citation index, Journal impact factor