Absenteísmo no Sistema Municipal de Ensino de Presidente Prudente: percepção dos docentes dos anos iniciais
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Data
2019-04-11
Autores
Souza, Aline de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Essa dissertação foi produzida junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia – UNESP - Campus de Presidente Prudente e está vinculada a linha de pesquisa “Políticas Públicas, Organização Escolar e Formação de Professores”. O nosso objetivo foi identificar os motivos de faltas de professores efetivos do Ensino Fundamental I e conhecer a percepção dos mesmos sobre suas ausências e as relações com o trabalho docente. O absenteísmo de professores se refere aos afastamentos no trabalho justificados por diversos motivos. Devido ao aumento no índice de faltas registrado pelos funcionários da Secretaria de Educação no município de Presidente Prudente, tivemos a necessidade de pesquisarmos esse fenômeno sob a ótica de seus protagonistas. Esse estudo foi realizado na perspectiva da abordagem qualitativa com uso da entrevista narrativa como procedimento metodológico. A entrevista narrativa foi elaborada com base nas ideias de Jovchelovich; Bauer (2002) sobre a preparação, iniciação, narração central, fases de perguntas e fases conclusivas. Realizamos a entrevista narrativa com seis professoras efetivas do ensino fundamental I na faixa etário de 31 a 62 anos. A análise das narrativas foi feita a partir da compreensão-interpretativa apresentada por Souza (2014). Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que a necessidade do professor se ausentar da sala de aula não está associada ao seu descomprometimento com a educação dos alunos. Os maiores motivos de faltas dos professores no trabalho foram registrados por problemas com a saúde ou para acompanhar um familiar ao médico. As condições de trabalho às quais os docentes estão submetidos em algumas ocasiões provocam o adoecimento e posteriormente o afastamento da função. As políticas públicas precisam continuar garantindo os direitos dos professores se ausentar da sala de aula quando necessário, com a permanência de professores substitutos e apoio nos momentos de dificuldades.
This Mater’s thesis was written with the Graduation Program of the Faculty of Science and Technology – UNESP – Presidente Prudente Campus and it is linked to the research line named “Public Policies, School Organization and Teacher Training”. Our objective was to identify reasons why teachers are absent from work in elementary schoolsand get to know the perception of these teachers about their absences and their relations to the teaching job. Teachers’ absenteeism concerns absences at work justified by several reasons. Due to an increase in absences registered by the Secretary of Education in the municipality of Presidente Prudente, we found it necessary to research this phenomenon from the point of view of their protagonists. This study was carried out from the perspective of the qualitative approach, using the narrative interview as methodological procedure. The narrative interview was planned based on the ideas presented by Jovchelovich; Bauer (2002) about preparation, initiation, central narrative, question phase and conclusion phase. Six elementary school teachers were interviewed, aged from 31 to 62 years old. The analysis of the narratives was done starting from the interpretative understanding proposed by Souza (2014). The results of the study show that the fact that teachers need to be absent from the classroom is not associated with their lack of commitment to their students’ education. The biggest reasons why they are absent from work were registered due to health problems or because they had to go to the doctor`s with somebody from their families. The environment and the conditions in which teachers work may make them sick and consequently they have to be absent from work. Public policies need to keep guaranteeing teachers’ rights to be absent from the classroom when necessary, with the possibility of having temporary teachers and support in the times of difficulties.
This Mater’s thesis was written with the Graduation Program of the Faculty of Science and Technology – UNESP – Presidente Prudente Campus and it is linked to the research line named “Public Policies, School Organization and Teacher Training”. Our objective was to identify reasons why teachers are absent from work in elementary schoolsand get to know the perception of these teachers about their absences and their relations to the teaching job. Teachers’ absenteeism concerns absences at work justified by several reasons. Due to an increase in absences registered by the Secretary of Education in the municipality of Presidente Prudente, we found it necessary to research this phenomenon from the point of view of their protagonists. This study was carried out from the perspective of the qualitative approach, using the narrative interview as methodological procedure. The narrative interview was planned based on the ideas presented by Jovchelovich; Bauer (2002) about preparation, initiation, central narrative, question phase and conclusion phase. Six elementary school teachers were interviewed, aged from 31 to 62 years old. The analysis of the narratives was done starting from the interpretative understanding proposed by Souza (2014). The results of the study show that the fact that teachers need to be absent from the classroom is not associated with their lack of commitment to their students’ education. The biggest reasons why they are absent from work were registered due to health problems or because they had to go to the doctor`s with somebody from their families. The environment and the conditions in which teachers work may make them sick and consequently they have to be absent from work. Public policies need to keep guaranteeing teachers’ rights to be absent from the classroom when necessary, with the possibility of having temporary teachers and support in the times of difficulties.
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Palavras-chave
Absenteísmo, Faltas de professores, Condições de trabalho, Narrativas, Absenteeism, Teachers’ absences, Narratives, Work conditions