Utilização de fluido de corte com inibidores voláteis de corrosão na retificação do aço ABNT 4340
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Data
2019-07-26
Autores
Magrini, Dênis Pascolat
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A retificação é um dos processos mais importantes quando deseja-se atribuir extrema precisão, acabamento e qualidade a superfície da peça, sendo amplamente utilizado na indústria, atribui-se suas características a um processo de usinagem que emprega um rebolo com grãos abrasivos girando em alta velocidade para remover material. Suas aplicações consistem especialmente no final da cadeia produtiva, onde a retificação normalmente representa o último processo por onde a peça irá passar. O rebolo é constituído de grãos abrasivos e poros, unidos por um material aglomerante (ligante), formando uma estrutura abrasiva. Todavia, os rebolos podem possuir diferentes propriedades, uma vez que a dureza dos grãos abrasivos, resistência à abrasão, estrutura cristalina, forma, tamanho e friabilidade podem afetar a durabilidade e o desempenho do abrasivo. Assim, se faz muito importante a escolha correta do rebolo, pois suas propriedades influenciarão diretamente na produtividade e na qualidade da peça que é possível se obter com a utilização deste, levando em consideração os parâmetros do processo e o material a ser retificado. A seleção do material do grão abrasivo mais apropriado para cada operação tem que ser embasada de acordo com o material a ser retificado, além de possuir uma relação custo-benefício aplicável industrialmente. Fluidos de corte lubrificam e refrigeram a zona de corte, porém são prejudiciais ao meio ambiente e aos seres humanos, adicionando custos à indústria. Atrelado a isso, um método eficaz e relativamente barato de controlar a corrosão em ambientes fechados, é o uso de inibidores de corrosão voláteis (VCI’s), que utilizam o ar como meio de propagação. A VCI Brasil, formulou uma nova tecnologia de inibidores de corrosão, que utilizam a água como meio de propagação, sendo denominados genericamente como V-active VCI ®. Isso possibilitou desenvolver outros produtos que utilizam a água como meio, denominados genericamente como MV Aqua ®, o que inclui fluidos de corte, onde essa família de inibidores promove maior efeito de lubricidade e detergência, ocasionando um menor desgaste do rebolo e melhor acabamento, além de promover a proteção contra corrosão da peça, pois um filme protetivo sobre a superfície evita a necessidade de uso de óleos protetivos intermediários e consequente desengraxe posterior, reduzindo o número de etapas de processo e impacto ambiental. O fluido em questão não apresenta riscos aos seres humanos e é biodegradável. Após as análises feitas nesse estudo foi possível concluir que o fluido com a nova formulação de inibidores de corrosão (V-active VCI) apresentou melhores resultados para as variáveis de saída da retificação (rugosidade, desgaste diametral do rebolo e emissão acústica), quando comparado com o fluido base. Utilizando o fluido com V-active VCI, a qualidade superficial da peça foi significativamente superior, garantindo menores níveis de rugosidade e o desgaste do rebolo foi consideravelmente menor.
Grinding is one of the most important processes when it is desired to assign extreme precision, finish and quality to the workpiece surface, being widely used in industry, its characteristics are attributed to a machining process that employs an abrasive grinding wheel spinning at high speed to remove material. Its applications consist especially at the end of the production chain, where grinding usually represents the last process through which the part will pass. The grinding wheel consists of abrasive grains and pores, joined by a binder material, forming an abrasive structure. However, the grinding wheels may have different properties, since abrasive grain hardness, abrasion resistance, crystalline structure, shape, size and friability can affect the durability and performance of the abrasive. Thus, it is very important to choose the correct grinding wheel because its properties will directly influence the productivity and quality of the part that can be obtained with the use of this one, taking into account the parameters of the process and the material to be grinding. The selection of the most suitable abrasive material for each operation has to be based on the material to be rectified, besides having an industrially applicable cost-benefit ratio. Cutting fluids lubricate and cool the cutting zone, however they are harmful to the environment and humans, adding costs to the industry. Linked to this, an effective and relatively inexpensive method of controlling corrosion indoors is the use of volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI's), which use air as a means of propagation. VCI Brazil, formulated a new technology of corrosion inhibitors, that use water as a medium of propagation, being generically denominated like V-active VCI ®. This made it possible to develop other products that use water as a medium, generally referred to as MV Aqua ®, which includes cutting fluids, where this family of inhibitors promotes greater lubricity and detergency, resulting in less wear grinding wheels and better finish. to promote protection against corrosion of the part, because a protective film on the surface avoids the need to use intermediate protective oils and consequent subsequent degreasing, reducing the number of process steps and environmental impact. The fluid in question poses no risk to humans and is biodegradable. After the analysis made in this study it was possible to conclude that the fluid with the new corrosion inhibitor formulation (V-active VCI) presented better results for the grinding output variables when compared to the base fluid. 12 Using the V-active VCI fluid, the surface quality of the part was significantly higher, ensuring a better roughness, and the wear of the grinding wheel was considerably less
Grinding is one of the most important processes when it is desired to assign extreme precision, finish and quality to the workpiece surface, being widely used in industry, its characteristics are attributed to a machining process that employs an abrasive grinding wheel spinning at high speed to remove material. Its applications consist especially at the end of the production chain, where grinding usually represents the last process through which the part will pass. The grinding wheel consists of abrasive grains and pores, joined by a binder material, forming an abrasive structure. However, the grinding wheels may have different properties, since abrasive grain hardness, abrasion resistance, crystalline structure, shape, size and friability can affect the durability and performance of the abrasive. Thus, it is very important to choose the correct grinding wheel because its properties will directly influence the productivity and quality of the part that can be obtained with the use of this one, taking into account the parameters of the process and the material to be grinding. The selection of the most suitable abrasive material for each operation has to be based on the material to be rectified, besides having an industrially applicable cost-benefit ratio. Cutting fluids lubricate and cool the cutting zone, however they are harmful to the environment and humans, adding costs to the industry. Linked to this, an effective and relatively inexpensive method of controlling corrosion indoors is the use of volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI's), which use air as a means of propagation. VCI Brazil, formulated a new technology of corrosion inhibitors, that use water as a medium of propagation, being generically denominated like V-active VCI ®. This made it possible to develop other products that use water as a medium, generally referred to as MV Aqua ®, which includes cutting fluids, where this family of inhibitors promotes greater lubricity and detergency, resulting in less wear grinding wheels and better finish. to promote protection against corrosion of the part, because a protective film on the surface avoids the need to use intermediate protective oils and consequent subsequent degreasing, reducing the number of process steps and environmental impact. The fluid in question poses no risk to humans and is biodegradable. After the analysis made in this study it was possible to conclude that the fluid with the new corrosion inhibitor formulation (V-active VCI) presented better results for the grinding output variables when compared to the base fluid. 12 Using the V-active VCI fluid, the surface quality of the part was significantly higher, ensuring a better roughness, and the wear of the grinding wheel was considerably less
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Retificação cilíndrica externa, Aço aisi 4340, Fluido de corte sintético, Inibidor volátil de corrosão, Rebolo de Óxido de Alumínio, External cylindrical grinding, AISI 4340 steel, Synthetic cutting fluid, Volatile corrosion inhibitor, Aluminum Oxide grinding wheel