Fontes de proteína e carboidratos para cães e gatos
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Data
2008-07-01
Autores
Carciofi, Aulus Cavalieri [UNESP]
Título da Revista
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Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
Resumo
O mercado de alimentos para cães e gatos absorve importante quantidade de proteínas e carboidratos, apesar disso poucos estudos existem sobre digestibilidade e energia metabolizável destes ingredientes. Arroz e milho têm sido considerados as melhores fontes de amido, mas demonstra-se que o sorgo é igualmente bem digerido por cães. Na interpretação dos estudos, deve-se distinguir os que empregaram farinhas ou amidos purificados dos que empregaram ingredientes moídos, como utilizado na fabricação de alimentos para animais de companhia. Além de sua digestibilidade e valor energético, amidos interferem na glicemia de cães, o que torna interessante se empregar, para animais em condições específicas, fontes de carboidrato que levem à menores respostas de glicose e insulina. Devido a elevada necessidade de proteína, ingredientes protéicos são importantes nas formulações. Proteínas de origem animal apresentam maior variação em composição química, qualidade e digestibilidade que as de origem vegetal. Farinhas de origem animal podem apresentar excesso de matéria mineral, limitando sua inclusão na fórmula, enquanto derivados protéicos vegetais apresentam diversos fatores anti-nutricionais que devem ser inativados durante seu processamento. Demonstra-se que proteínas vegetais apresentam boa digestibilidade e energia metabolizável para cães e gatos, sendo sua inclusão interessante para reduzir a matéria mineral da dieta, controlar o excesso de bases do alimento e manter adequada a digestibilidade do produto, neste sentido soja micronizada e o farelo de glúten de milho 60% se destacam em digestibilidade e teor de energia metabolizável. A farinha de vísceras de frango, dentre as proteínas de origem animal secas demonstra-se como a de melhor digestibilidade e energia metabolizável.
Although Pet food companies use important amounts of protein and carbohydrate sources, little scientific information was published about digestibility and metabolizable energy of these ingredients for dogs and cats. Rice and corn have been considered the better starch sources for these animals, but it was presented that sorghum is well digestible for dogs too. When interpreting scientific data the reader needs to consider the differences among studies that evaluated flour or refined starch or the usage of ground grain, as employed by pet food companies. Besides of digestibility and energy content, starch interferes on dogs glycemic response's, which presents an opportunity to select low insulin and glucose response starch sources to diets designed to animals in special conditions. Due to high protein requirements, these ingredients are important in food formulation for dogs and cats. Protein sources of animal origin have greater variation in chemical composition, quality and digestibility than vegetable proteins. Animals' meals can have high levels of ash, limiting the inclusion of these ingredients in pet food formulation. on the other hand vegetable proteins can have antinutritional factors that must be inactivated during manufacturing. It was demonstrated that vegetable proteins can have good digestibility and metabolizable energy for dogs and cats. Their utilization in food formulation can help in reduction of diet' ash level, control of food's base excess and keeping good diet digestibility. Micronized whole soybean and corn gluten meal with 60% protein are highlighted, showing good digestibility and energy content's values for dogs and cats. In relation to dry animal proteins, poultry by product meal have better digestibility and metabolizable energy values.
Although Pet food companies use important amounts of protein and carbohydrate sources, little scientific information was published about digestibility and metabolizable energy of these ingredients for dogs and cats. Rice and corn have been considered the better starch sources for these animals, but it was presented that sorghum is well digestible for dogs too. When interpreting scientific data the reader needs to consider the differences among studies that evaluated flour or refined starch or the usage of ground grain, as employed by pet food companies. Besides of digestibility and energy content, starch interferes on dogs glycemic response's, which presents an opportunity to select low insulin and glucose response starch sources to diets designed to animals in special conditions. Due to high protein requirements, these ingredients are important in food formulation for dogs and cats. Protein sources of animal origin have greater variation in chemical composition, quality and digestibility than vegetable proteins. Animals' meals can have high levels of ash, limiting the inclusion of these ingredients in pet food formulation. on the other hand vegetable proteins can have antinutritional factors that must be inactivated during manufacturing. It was demonstrated that vegetable proteins can have good digestibility and metabolizable energy for dogs and cats. Their utilization in food formulation can help in reduction of diet' ash level, control of food's base excess and keeping good diet digestibility. Micronized whole soybean and corn gluten meal with 60% protein are highlighted, showing good digestibility and energy content's values for dogs and cats. In relation to dry animal proteins, poultry by product meal have better digestibility and metabolizable energy values.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Canine, Digestibility, feline, Ingredient, Nutrition, Starch, Amido, canino, Digestibilidade, felino, Ingredientes, Nutrição
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 37, n. spe, p. 28-41, 2008.