Produção e avaliação de painéis de partículas de eucalipto e couro com adesivo poliuretano derivado de óleo de mamona
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Data
2019-09-02
Autores
Oliveira, Renato Cardoso de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Um dos grandes desafios da última década é o aproveitamento de subprodutos objetivando-se proteger o meio ambiente e agregar valor ao produto final. A fabricação de painéis com madeira reconstituída vem registrando constante crescimento, sendo o Eucalipto a espécie de madeira exótica de reflorestamento mais utilizada no Brasil para a produção de painéis aglomerados. Considerando-se que na Cidade de Franca, no interior do Estado de São Paulo, a indústria calçadista gera grande quantidade de resíduos durante o processo de corte de couro para a montagem de calçados com um significativo volume de resíduos descartados em aterros sanitários. Na maioria dos casos, não ocorre seu reaproveitamento; sendo assim, considerou-se, nesse trabalho, o aproveitamento desses resíduos na produção de painéis aglomerados. Para produção dos painéis e avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas, propuseram-se três tratamentos com proporções diferentes entre partículas de eucalipto e partículas provenientes de resíduos de couro aglutinadas com resina poliuretana bicomponente à base de óleo de mamona em prensa hidráulica, com controle de temperatura e pressão. Após avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos painéis, com base no documento normativo brasileiro ABNT NBR 14810/2013, realizou-se a Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e Teste de Tukey. De modo geral, os valores obtidos para as propriedades dos painéis atenderam aos valores mínimos propostos pela NBR; entretanto, com base nos resultados obtidos pela análise estatística, verificou-se haver necessidade de ajustes nos parâmetros para confecção dos painéis.
One of the biggest challenges of the last decade is the use of by-products aiming to protect the environment and add value to the final product. The manufacture of panels with reconstituted wood has been steadily growing, with Eucalyptus being the most commonly used exotic reforestation wood in Brazil for the production of particle board. Considering that in the city of Franca, in the interior of the state of São Paulo, the footwear industry generates a large amount of waste during the leather cutting process to assemble footwear with a significant volume of waste disposed of in landfills. In most cases, reuse does not occur; Thus, this research considered the use of these residues in the production of particle board. For the production of panels and evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, It was proposed three components with different proportions between eucalyptus and waste residues bonded with bicomponent castor oil-based polyurethane resin in hydraulic press, with temperature and pressure control. After evaluating the physical and mechanical properties of the panels, based on the Brazilian normative document ABNT NBR 14810/2013, it was performed the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test. In general, the values obtained for the properties of the panels met the minimum values proposed by the NBR; However, based on the results obtained by the statistical analysis, it was found that there was a need for adjustments in the parameters for making the panels.
One of the biggest challenges of the last decade is the use of by-products aiming to protect the environment and add value to the final product. The manufacture of panels with reconstituted wood has been steadily growing, with Eucalyptus being the most commonly used exotic reforestation wood in Brazil for the production of particle board. Considering that in the city of Franca, in the interior of the state of São Paulo, the footwear industry generates a large amount of waste during the leather cutting process to assemble footwear with a significant volume of waste disposed of in landfills. In most cases, reuse does not occur; Thus, this research considered the use of these residues in the production of particle board. For the production of panels and evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, It was proposed three components with different proportions between eucalyptus and waste residues bonded with bicomponent castor oil-based polyurethane resin in hydraulic press, with temperature and pressure control. After evaluating the physical and mechanical properties of the panels, based on the Brazilian normative document ABNT NBR 14810/2013, it was performed the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test. In general, the values obtained for the properties of the panels met the minimum values proposed by the NBR; However, based on the results obtained by the statistical analysis, it was found that there was a need for adjustments in the parameters for making the panels.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Painéis de partículas de madeira de média densidade, Resíduos de couro acabado, Partículas de eucalipto, Particleboard of medium density wood, Finished leather waste, Eucalyptus particles