Indicadores de estresse, depressão e qualidade de vida em pessoas com deficiência sem vínculo de trabalho
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Data
2019-08-26
Autores
Stevanato, Daniele
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A inserção de pessoas com deficiência (PCD) no mercado de trabalho foi ampliada após a promulgação da Lei de Cotas e, atualmente, a PCD que inicia um trabalho pode ter o BPC (Benefício de Prestação Continuada) suspenso até que seja interrompido o vínculo empregatício. No entanto, ainda são muitos os desafios e obstáculos para a garantia de direito ao trabalho da referida população, cuja saúde e qualidade de vida podem ser prejudicadas pela exclusão do trabalho ou pela falta de equidade na inserção laboral. Este estudo objetivou investigar estresse, depressão e qualidade de vida em PCD que recebem o BPC, bem como verificar o interesse na inserção no mercado de trabalho formal. Participaram da pesquisa 16 beneficiários do BPC de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 19 a 35 anos. Foram utilizados quatro instrumentos na coleta de dados: Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de LIPP (ISSL), Escala Baptista de Depressão – Versão Adulto (EBADEP – A), Questionário de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL-BREF), além de questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que 75% dos entrevistados apresentavam estresse em algum nível, e sintomatologia para depressão leve ou moderada em 37,5% dos indivíduos. A avaliação de qualidade de vida indicou que o índice global apresentou pontuação regular. Em relação ao tipo de deficiência, as PCD visual apresentaram piores índices de qualidade de vida para os domínios meio ambiente, físico e relações sociais; as PCD auditiva apresentaram boa pontuação para todos os domínios da escala, e as PCD intelectual apresentaram índices ruins no domínio psicológico e relações sociais. Os resultados indicam necessidade de intervenção junto às PCD e suas famílias, com ampliação de politicas públicas voltadas ao cuidado das famílias e inclusão das PCD. Essa intervenção se faz necessária para busca de melhorias das condições apontadas, inclusive por meio da informação e do estímulo à inclusão no mercado trabalho, tendo em vista que 68,75% da amostra pesquisada apresentou interesse laboral. Há que se considerar ainda o receio da família quanto à perda do benefício, que muitas vezes é a única renda recebida, e de que as PCD sejam vítimas de preconceitos sociais comuns a essa realidade.
The insertion of people with disabilities (PCD) in the labor market was expanded after the enactment of the Quota Law and, currently, the PCD that initiates a job may have the BPC (Continued Benefit Benefit) suspended until the employment relationship is interrupted. . However, there are still many challenges and obstacles to guaranteeing the right to work of this population, whose health and quality of life may be impaired by exclusion from work or lack of equity in labor insertion. This study aimed to investigate stress, depression and quality of life in PCD who receive the BPC, as well as to verify the interest in entering the formal job market. Sixteen BPC beneficiaries of both genders, aged 19 to 35 years participated in the research. Four instruments were used for data collection: LIPP Adult Stress Symptom Inventory (ISSL), Baptist Depression Scale - Adult Version (EBADEP - A), Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and sociodemographic questionnaire. The survey results showed that 75% of respondents had stress at some level, and symptomatology for mild or moderate depression in 37.5% of individuals. The quality of life assessment indicated that the global index had a regular score. Regarding the type of disability, the visual PCD presented worse quality of life indices for the environment, physical and social relations domains; auditory PCDs scored well for all domains of the scale, and intellectual PCDs had poor scores in the psychological domain and social relationships. The results indicate the need for intervention with the PCD and their families, with the expansion of public policies focused on family care and inclusion of the PCD. This intervention is necessary to seek improvements in the conditions mentioned, including by informing and encouraging inclusion in the labor market, considering that 68.75% of the surveyed sample had a working interest. It is also necessary to consider the family's fear about loss of benefit, which is often the only income received, and that the PWD are victims of social prejudice common to this reality
The insertion of people with disabilities (PCD) in the labor market was expanded after the enactment of the Quota Law and, currently, the PCD that initiates a job may have the BPC (Continued Benefit Benefit) suspended until the employment relationship is interrupted. . However, there are still many challenges and obstacles to guaranteeing the right to work of this population, whose health and quality of life may be impaired by exclusion from work or lack of equity in labor insertion. This study aimed to investigate stress, depression and quality of life in PCD who receive the BPC, as well as to verify the interest in entering the formal job market. Sixteen BPC beneficiaries of both genders, aged 19 to 35 years participated in the research. Four instruments were used for data collection: LIPP Adult Stress Symptom Inventory (ISSL), Baptist Depression Scale - Adult Version (EBADEP - A), Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and sociodemographic questionnaire. The survey results showed that 75% of respondents had stress at some level, and symptomatology for mild or moderate depression in 37.5% of individuals. The quality of life assessment indicated that the global index had a regular score. Regarding the type of disability, the visual PCD presented worse quality of life indices for the environment, physical and social relations domains; auditory PCDs scored well for all domains of the scale, and intellectual PCDs had poor scores in the psychological domain and social relationships. The results indicate the need for intervention with the PCD and their families, with the expansion of public policies focused on family care and inclusion of the PCD. This intervention is necessary to seek improvements in the conditions mentioned, including by informing and encouraging inclusion in the labor market, considering that 68.75% of the surveyed sample had a working interest. It is also necessary to consider the family's fear about loss of benefit, which is often the only income received, and that the PWD are victims of social prejudice common to this reality
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Palavras-chave
, Estresse, Depressão, Qualidade de vida, Mercado de trabalho, Pessoa com deficiência, Stress, Depression, Quality of life, Job market, Person with disabilities