Desafios e potencialidades para a agricultura familiar na alimentação escolar em município do centro-oeste paulista
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Data
2019-08-28
Autores
Pereira, Nathalia Fernanda Perpetuo
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: A Lei nº 11.947 de 2009 do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar preconiza que 30% dos recursos financeiros do repasse federal devem ser destinados à compra direta de alimentos de agricultores familiares, entretanto impasses são relatados pelos gestores municipais e agricultores fazendo com que a compra não ocorra. Objetivo: Caracterizar os cenários de produção e abastecimento local com vistas ao fornecimento para alimentação escolar de um município do centro-oeste paulista. Metodologia: tratou-se de um estudo exploratório, com abordagem predominantemente qualitativa, divido em duas fases de execução: 1) levantamento de dados sobre a produção e o abastecimento de hortifrútis em minimercados e quitandas do município; 2) avalição das percepções dos gestores municipais e agricultores locais referente a chamada pública para alimentação escolar por meio de entrevista grupal, utilizando a matriz FOFA (Forças, Oportunidades, Fraquezas e Ameaças) e questionário individual com perguntas abertas. A estatística descritiva foi empregada para os dados quantitativos e a análise temática de conteúdo foi utilizada como metodologia para os dados qualitativos. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que os agricultores locais contribuem predominantemente com o abastecimento de verduras no comércio local, os comerciantes relataram dificuldades com diversificação e frequência na produção local. A pesquisa abrangeu 67% dos agricultores que comercializam seus produtos na feira, com os quais já seria possível suprir a necessidade de alguns itens da alimentação escolar do município. Os gestores municipais possuem dificuldades de gerenciamento do processo e falta de apoio político, mas mostraram-se dispostos a realizarem a compra institucional. Os agricultores possuem dificuldades com logística, assistência técnica, infraestrutura e falta de esclarecimento referente a chamada pública, porém demonstraram interesse em participar do processo e possuem capacidade de expandir a produção atual, podendo suprir mais itens da alimentação escolar, além de proporcionar a inclusão de outros itens além dos já obtidos. Considerações: A agricultura familiar local possui potencial para atendimento parcial da alimentação escolar do município, entretanto, há necessidade de apoio para organização, tanto da unidade executora quanto dos agricultores, para que ocorra a chamada pública.
Introduction: Law No. 11.947 of 2009 of the National School Feeding Program states that 30% of the federal transfer funds should be destined to the direct purchase of food from family farmers, however impasses are reported by municipal managers and farmers causing the purchase does not occur. Objective: To characterize the scenarios of production and local supply with a view to supplying school meals in a municipality in the midwest of São Paulo. Methodology: This was an exploratory study, with a predominantly qualitative approach, divided into two phases of execution: 1) data collection on the production and supply of produce in mini markets and greengrocers of the municipality; 2) evaluation of the perceptions of municipal managers and local farmers regarding the public call for school meals through group interviews, using the FOFA matrix (Forces, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Threats) and individual questionnaire with open questions. Descriptive statistics was used for quantitative data and thematic content analysis was used as a methodology for qualitative data. Results: The results showed that local farmers predominantly contribute to the supply of vegetables in local commerce, traders reported difficulties with diversification and frequency in local production. The survey covered 67% of farmers who sell their products at the fair, with which it would be possible to meet the need for some items of school meals in the municipality. The municipal managers have difficulties in managing the process and lack of political support, but were willing to make the institutional purchase. Farmers have difficulties with logistics, technical assistance, infrastructure and lack of clarification regarding the public call, but they have shown interest in participating in the process and have the ability to expand current production, being able to supply more items of school meals, besides providing the inclusion of other items than those already obtained. Considerations: Local family agriculture has the potential to partially attend the school meals of the municipality, however, there is need for support for the organization, both the executing unit and the farmers, for the public call to occur.
Introduction: Law No. 11.947 of 2009 of the National School Feeding Program states that 30% of the federal transfer funds should be destined to the direct purchase of food from family farmers, however impasses are reported by municipal managers and farmers causing the purchase does not occur. Objective: To characterize the scenarios of production and local supply with a view to supplying school meals in a municipality in the midwest of São Paulo. Methodology: This was an exploratory study, with a predominantly qualitative approach, divided into two phases of execution: 1) data collection on the production and supply of produce in mini markets and greengrocers of the municipality; 2) evaluation of the perceptions of municipal managers and local farmers regarding the public call for school meals through group interviews, using the FOFA matrix (Forces, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Threats) and individual questionnaire with open questions. Descriptive statistics was used for quantitative data and thematic content analysis was used as a methodology for qualitative data. Results: The results showed that local farmers predominantly contribute to the supply of vegetables in local commerce, traders reported difficulties with diversification and frequency in local production. The survey covered 67% of farmers who sell their products at the fair, with which it would be possible to meet the need for some items of school meals in the municipality. The municipal managers have difficulties in managing the process and lack of political support, but were willing to make the institutional purchase. Farmers have difficulties with logistics, technical assistance, infrastructure and lack of clarification regarding the public call, but they have shown interest in participating in the process and have the ability to expand current production, being able to supply more items of school meals, besides providing the inclusion of other items than those already obtained. Considerations: Local family agriculture has the potential to partially attend the school meals of the municipality, however, there is need for support for the organization, both the executing unit and the farmers, for the public call to occur.
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Palavras-chave
Alimentação escolar, Agricultura familiar, Compras institucionais, School feeding, Family farming, Institutional purchasing