Aspectos taxonômicos e morfo-anatômicos das Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss. (Nyctaginaceae)
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2019-07-31
Autores
Cidrão, Bruno Bravos
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O gênero Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss., pertencente a família Nyctaginaceae, é nativo da América Latina e é atualmente cultivado em vários outros países de clima tropical ou temperado. Suas espécies possuem brácteas coloridas que envolvem as inflorescências, atraem os polinizadores e ainda auxiliam na dispersão do fruto depois de seco. Possuem um antocarpo estriado e em forma de haste, diferente do restante dos membros da família, que possui antocarpos maiores ou ausentes. Das espécies de Bougainvillea, B. spectabilis e B. glabra são as mais citadas na literatura. Boa parte dos trabalhos com Bougainvillea é relacionada à anatomia do crescimento secundário diferenciado do gênero ou a estudos fitoquímicos. A anatomia, como ferramenta para estudos taxonômicos, tem sido empregada há muito tempo e tem auxiliado na distinção de espécies morfologicamente semelhantes. Neste trabalho, foi realizado um estudo da anatomia foliar das Bougainvillea com o intuito de obter dados que auxiliem na identificação das mesmas, além dos já citados na literatura; associado a uma monografia do gênero que visou esclarecer as divergências taxonômicas existentes entre as espécies. O estudo anatômico mostrou que elas têm em comum cutícula delgada, epiderme unisseriada, idioblastos contendo cristais na forma de ráfides e prismas, e tricomas tectores unisseriados; mas diferem no formato das células da epiderme, localização dos estômatos, tipo de mesofilo e formato das células que compõem os tricomas. São sugeridos sinônimos novos para as espécies B. glabra, B. praecox e B. spectabilis, assim como eleição de lectótipo para B. campanulata. O estudo anatômico auxiliou na distinção das espécies, mas convém realizar estudos de caráter filogenético para elucidar a relação entre as espécies B. glabra e B. spectabilis.
The genus Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss., belonging to the family Nyctaginaceae, is native to Latin America and is currently cultivated in several other tropical or temperate countries. Their species have colored bracts that surround the inflorescences, attract the pollinators and even aid fruit dispersion after drying. They have a striated, rod-shaped antocarp, different from the other family members, which have larger or absent antocarps. Among the Bougainvillea species, B. spectabilis and B. glabra are the most cited in the literature. Much of the work with Bougainvillea is related to the anatomy of differentiated secondary growth of the genus or phytochemical studies. Anatomy, as a tool for taxonomic studies, has been used for a long time and has aided in the distinction of morphologically similar species. In this work, a study of the foliar anatomy of the Bougainvillea was carried out with the purpose of obtaining data that help in the identification of its species, besides those already mentioned in the literature; associated to a monograph of the genus that aimed to clarify the taxonomic divergences between species. The anatomical study showed that they have in common thin cuticle, uniseriate epidermis, idioblasts containing crystals in the form of raphides and prisms and uniseriate trichomes; but differ in the shape of the epidermis cells, localization of stomata, mesophyll type and shape of the trichome cells. New synonyms are suggested for species B. glabra, B. praecox and B. spectabilis, as well as choice of lectotype for B. campanulata. The anatomical study helped to distinguish the species, but phylogenetic studies should be carried out to elucidate the relationship between B. glabra and B. spectabilis species.
The genus Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss., belonging to the family Nyctaginaceae, is native to Latin America and is currently cultivated in several other tropical or temperate countries. Their species have colored bracts that surround the inflorescences, attract the pollinators and even aid fruit dispersion after drying. They have a striated, rod-shaped antocarp, different from the other family members, which have larger or absent antocarps. Among the Bougainvillea species, B. spectabilis and B. glabra are the most cited in the literature. Much of the work with Bougainvillea is related to the anatomy of differentiated secondary growth of the genus or phytochemical studies. Anatomy, as a tool for taxonomic studies, has been used for a long time and has aided in the distinction of morphologically similar species. In this work, a study of the foliar anatomy of the Bougainvillea was carried out with the purpose of obtaining data that help in the identification of its species, besides those already mentioned in the literature; associated to a monograph of the genus that aimed to clarify the taxonomic divergences between species. The anatomical study showed that they have in common thin cuticle, uniseriate epidermis, idioblasts containing crystals in the form of raphides and prisms and uniseriate trichomes; but differ in the shape of the epidermis cells, localization of stomata, mesophyll type and shape of the trichome cells. New synonyms are suggested for species B. glabra, B. praecox and B. spectabilis, as well as choice of lectotype for B. campanulata. The anatomical study helped to distinguish the species, but phylogenetic studies should be carried out to elucidate the relationship between B. glabra and B. spectabilis species.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anatomia foliar, Bougainvillea, Nyctaginaceae, Taxonomia, Primavera, Leaf anatomy, Taxonomy, Paper-flower