Etnobotânica de plantas alimentícias utilizadas pelo povo Shanenawa do município de Feijó, Acre
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Data
2019-09-02
Autores
Costa, Nayara Gonçalves
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os povos indígenas utilizam de inúmeras plantas em sua dinâmica cultural e alimentar, entretanto, pouco se sabe a respeito de quais espécies são usadas na alimentação dessas comunidades, diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar quais espécies são utilizadas na alimentação do povo Shanenawa, da aldeia Shane Kaya, município de Feijó, Acre, e quais as formas de cultivo e manejo dessas plantas. Para a obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os moradores da aldeia, utilizados diários de campos para anotações de eventos ocorridos durante a pesquisa e turnês guiadas aos locais de ocorrências das espécies apontadas. As espécies foram coletadas e classificadas botânicamente. Foram identificadas 71 espécies alimentícias, divididas em 28 famílias botânicas, sendo a família Arecaceae a mais predominante em número de espécies. As espécies alimentícias estavam distribuídas entre quatro ambientes, floresta, quintal, roça e roçado. A maioria das espécies alimentícias é cultivada nos quintais localizados no entorno das casas, todavia, existem os espaços destinados somente ao cultivo de espécies de roçados (banana, milho e amendoim) e roça (macaxeira), demonstrando a importância dessas espécies na dieta desse povo. As espécies pertencentes ao ambiente floresta foram classificadas segundo o subtipo de ambiente terra firme, igapó e beira do igarapé. A comunidade apresentou expressivo conhecimento sobre as espécies alimentícias cultivadas e silvestres, as quais são consumidas e preparadas de diversas formas. O desenvolvimento de estudos etnobotânicos com comunidades indígenas pode auxiliar na valorização e conservação do conhecimento tradicional associado e tornar conhecida parte da biodiversidade brasileira.
Indigenous people use several plants in their cultural and food dynamics, however, there is little information about which species are used as food by these communities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate which species are used in the food of the Shanenawa people, from the village Shane Kaya, municipality of Feijó – Acre, and how these plants are cultivated and managed. For the data obtainment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the villagers, field diaries were used to record events during the research and guided tours to the occurrence sites of the plant species. The species were collected and botanically identified. In total, 71 species were identified, divided into 28 botanical families, being the Arecaceae family the most predominant in the number of species. The food species were distributed among four different locations, forest, backyard, roça, and roçado. Most of the food species are cultivated in the backyards located around the houses, however, there are places intended only for the cultivation of roçado (banana, maize, and peanut) and roça (cassava) species, demonstrating the importance of these species in the diet of these people. The species belonging to the forest environment were classified according to the environment subtype: dryland, igapó forest, and igarapé margin. The community has shown significant knowledge of the cultivated and wild food species, which are consumed and prepared in different ways. The development of ethnobotanical studies with indigenous communities can help in the valorization and conservation of the associated traditional knowledge and make part of the Brazilian biodiversity recognized.
Indigenous people use several plants in their cultural and food dynamics, however, there is little information about which species are used as food by these communities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate which species are used in the food of the Shanenawa people, from the village Shane Kaya, municipality of Feijó – Acre, and how these plants are cultivated and managed. For the data obtainment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the villagers, field diaries were used to record events during the research and guided tours to the occurrence sites of the plant species. The species were collected and botanically identified. In total, 71 species were identified, divided into 28 botanical families, being the Arecaceae family the most predominant in the number of species. The food species were distributed among four different locations, forest, backyard, roça, and roçado. Most of the food species are cultivated in the backyards located around the houses, however, there are places intended only for the cultivation of roçado (banana, maize, and peanut) and roça (cassava) species, demonstrating the importance of these species in the diet of these people. The species belonging to the forest environment were classified according to the environment subtype: dryland, igapó forest, and igarapé margin. The community has shown significant knowledge of the cultivated and wild food species, which are consumed and prepared in different ways. The development of ethnobotanical studies with indigenous communities can help in the valorization and conservation of the associated traditional knowledge and make part of the Brazilian biodiversity recognized.
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conhecimento tradicional, plantas alimentícias, povos indígenas, recursos alimentares