Características bioquímicas do parasitismo de Meloidogyne enterolobii e M. Incognita em cultivares de pimentão
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Data
2019-11-04
Autores
Starling, Cíntia da Silva Alves Zappavigna
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as características bioquímicas de plantas de pimentão ‘Beti-R’ e ‘AF-8253’ sob influência ao parasitismo de Meloidogyne enterolobii e M. incognita. O experimento foi conduzido em câmaras de BOD, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. As plântulas foram transplantadas para vasos de 0,5 L contendo substrato autoclavada de solo, areia e matéria orgânica (1:2:1). A suscetibilidade e resistência dos genótipos foram determinadas e o protocolo de localização in situ de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) adaptado. A classificação dos estádios de vida dos nematoides e a avaliação das enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) e catalase (CAT), foram realizadas 2, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias após a infestação. M. enterolobii se reproduziu nos genótipos Beti-R’ e ‘AF 8253’ considerados suscetíveis. Já M. incognita não completou seu ciclo de vida após penetrar o sistema radicular da ‘AF 8253’, considerado resistente. As adaptações do protocolo de localização in situ de EROs permitiram determinar, eficientemente, o processo e a extensão da infestação pelo aumento da área das galhas, a qual foi determinada pela formação de radicais livres, delimitada pelo processo de formação das mesmas. A capacidade de resposta de defesa das plantas de pimentão ‘Beti-R’ à infecção por M. enterolobii pôde ser acompanhada qualitativamente pelas técnicas de detecção in situ de EROs, em especial para o radical superóxido. Observou-se ainda que níveis de respostas antioxidantes foram proporcionais ao aumento de espécies que penetraram e dos estádios de desenvolvimento M. enterolobii nas raízes do ‘Beti-R’. Quando plantas de pimentão ‘AF 8253’ foram submetidas a interações compatível (M. enterolobii) e incompatível (M. incognita), desenvolveram diferentes respostas enzimáticas antioxidantes, onde as expressões das enzimas tiveram maior intensidade na interação compatível. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios permitiram concluir, que é possível o estudo da relação patógeno-hospedeiro a partir de avaliações do comportamento bioquímico de plantas.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the biochemical characteristics of 'Beti-R' and 'AF-8253' under the influence of the parasitism of Meloidogyne enterolobii e M.incognita. The experiment was conducted in BOD chambers, in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The seedlings were transplanted into 0.5 L pots containing autoclaved soil, sand and organic matter mixture (1:2:1). The susceptibility and resistance of the genotypes were determined and the in situ localization protocol of reactive oxygen species (ROS) adapted. The classification of the nematode life stages and the evaluation of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were performed 2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after infestation. M. enterolobii was reproduced in the genotypes 'Beti-R' and 'AF 8253' considered susceptible. M. incognita did not complete its life cycle after penetrating the root system of 'AF 8253', considered resistant. The adaptations of the in situ localization protocol of ROS allowed to efficiently determine the process and extent of infestation by increasing the area of the galls, which was determined by the formation of free radicals, delimited by the formation process of the same. The defense response capacity of pepper plants Beti-R' to M. enterolobii infection could be accompanied qualitatively by the in situ detection techniques of ROS, especially for the superoxide radical. It was also observed that levels of antioxidative responses were proportional to the increase of species that penetrate and the stages of M. enterolobii development in the roots of 'Beti-R'. When plants of chili 'AF 8253' were subjected to interactions compatible (M. enterolobii) and incompatible (M. incognita), developed different antioxidative enzymatic responses, where the expressions of the enzymes had greater intensity in the compatible interaction. The results obtained in the tests allowed to conclude that it is possible to study the pathogen-host relationship based on biochemical behavior of plants.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the biochemical characteristics of 'Beti-R' and 'AF-8253' under the influence of the parasitism of Meloidogyne enterolobii e M.incognita. The experiment was conducted in BOD chambers, in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The seedlings were transplanted into 0.5 L pots containing autoclaved soil, sand and organic matter mixture (1:2:1). The susceptibility and resistance of the genotypes were determined and the in situ localization protocol of reactive oxygen species (ROS) adapted. The classification of the nematode life stages and the evaluation of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were performed 2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after infestation. M. enterolobii was reproduced in the genotypes 'Beti-R' and 'AF 8253' considered susceptible. M. incognita did not complete its life cycle after penetrating the root system of 'AF 8253', considered resistant. The adaptations of the in situ localization protocol of ROS allowed to efficiently determine the process and extent of infestation by increasing the area of the galls, which was determined by the formation of free radicals, delimited by the formation process of the same. The defense response capacity of pepper plants Beti-R' to M. enterolobii infection could be accompanied qualitatively by the in situ detection techniques of ROS, especially for the superoxide radical. It was also observed that levels of antioxidative responses were proportional to the increase of species that penetrate and the stages of M. enterolobii development in the roots of 'Beti-R'. When plants of chili 'AF 8253' were subjected to interactions compatible (M. enterolobii) and incompatible (M. incognita), developed different antioxidative enzymatic responses, where the expressions of the enzymes had greater intensity in the compatible interaction. The results obtained in the tests allowed to conclude that it is possible to study the pathogen-host relationship based on biochemical behavior of plants.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nematoides-das-galhas. Enzimas antioxidantes. Espécies reativas de oxigênio. Defesa vegetal.