Sexualidade feminina na trama do tempo: narrativas indizíveis por mulheres invisíveis
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Data
2019-12-09
Autores
Silva, Camila Cuencas Funari Mendes e [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho tem como objetivo a compreensão dos sentidos da sexualidade feminina para mulheres idade igual ou superior a 60 (sessenta) anos. A sexualidade para este público específico é, em boa parte, coberta pelo véu da invisibilidade. Nossas participantes da pesquisa são testemunhas da passagem do tempo e possuem suas trajetórias de vida contornadas pelo meio sociocultural, onde cada uma, de acordo com sua experiência, imprime diferentes significados na vivência da sexualidade. Por conseguinte, refletir sobre a sexualidade feminina na velhice alimenta o desejo de apreender de que maneira as mulheres idosas vivem, experimentam, simbolizam e ressignificam o efeito do envelhecimento na expressão da sexualidade no contexto social contemporâneo. Falar sobre a sobre sexualidade é falar sobre si e nos propicia a construção da subjetividade em diferentes etapas - da infância à velhice, reunindo aspectos corporais, simbólicos e psíquicos. Herdeiras de padrões sociais, culturais e científicos as participantes dessa tese narraram suas histórias permeadas de silêncios, estereótipos e preconceitos. Para tanto, trouxemos o diálogo entre Psicologia e algumas áreas do conhecimento para fundamentarmos, cientificamente, nossas questões e a metodologia da Narrativa para nos amparar na busca das histórias e memórias das participantes. Elegemos a sexualidade como representante de construção subjetiva de mulheres idosas e por meio desse viés apreendemos que para além do critério, eminentemente, etário, destacamos sua importância na constituição do indivíduo e com sua maneira singular de comunicação e reflexão de diversos aspectos da subjetividade humana. Na presente pesquisa adotamos duas fases de realização que se desdobraram no processo de escrita desse trabalho: em um primeiro momento trazemos a descrição e reflexão de um processo grupal com mulheres idosas participantes da UNATI (Universidade Aberta a Terceira Idade) na UNESP do campus de Assis, São Paulo. Primeiramente discorremos sobre a construção da pesquisa em Psicologia e a concomitante construção da pesquisadora neste processo e apresentamos a metodologia escolhida. Em um segundo momento fazemos um diálogo com estudos científicos de diferentes nacionalidades sobre a temática da sexualidade com a apresentação e reflexão das entrevistas individuais com três mulheres participantes do grupo da UNATI. Cada uma, de acordo com suas vivências e narrativas nos propiciaram diferentes aspectos da sexualidade feminina no envelhecimento. Questões como violências reais e simbólicas, abusos, sonhos interditados, machismos, maternidade, trabalho e outros permearam as narrativas de histórias de vida e suas intersecções com a sexualidade. Concluímos que a conexão entre a sexualidade, o gênero e a velhice foi muito fecunda para análise das suas interações com o meio social, cultural e político, bem como com suas relações internas e com o meio social. E também para o combate do mito da velhice assexuada e das violências que estão expostas, bem como para a afirmação de uma sexualidade prazerosa e possível na velhice. Salientamos, ainda, a importância do desenvolvimento de pesquisas, na área da Psicologia, que abordem a sexualidade de mulheres velhas em sua diversidade, a fim de se compreender as nuances suas configurações no contemporâneo e para propiciar discussões de Políticas sociais para a velhice.
This paper aims to understand the meanings of female sexuality for old women, that is, aged 60 years or over. Sexuality for this particular audience is largely covered by the veil of invisibility. Our research participants are witnesses of the passage of time and have their life trajectories circumvented by the socio-cultural environment where each one of them, according to their experience, gives different meanings in the experience of sexuality. In order to promote the leading role of the elderly, this theme carries with it a multiplicity of factors to be researched, such as: ageing population, sexuality, gender differences. Therefore, reflecting on female sexuality in old age feeds the desire to learn how older women live, experience, symbolize and resignify the effect of aging on the expression of sexuality in the contemporary social context. To talk about sexuality is to talk about oneself and it allows us to construct subjectivity in different stages - from childhood to old age, bringing together bodily, symbolic and psychic aspects. Inheritors of social, cultural and scientific patterns, the participants of this thesis narrated their stories permeated with silences, stereotypes and prejudices. For this purpose, we chose the dialogue between Psychology and other areas of knowledge such as Anthropology, Social Sciences and others, to scientifically ground our questions we chose the Narrative methodology to support us in the search for the stories and memories of the participants. We elect sexuality as representative of the subjective construction of elderly women and through this bias we learn that beyond the eminently age criterion, we highlight its importance in the constitution of the individual with his unique way of communication and reflection of various aspects of human subjectivity. In this research we adopted two stages of realization, which unfolded in the writing process of this work: firstly we bring the description and reflection of a group process with aged women participating in the Open University of the Third Age (UNATI) at Paulista State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho ”(UNESP), campus of Assis city, in São Paulo state. In a second moment we make a dialogue between scientific studies on the theme of sexuality with the presentation and reflection of individual interviews with three women participating in the UNATI group. Each one, according to their experiences and narratives, provided us with different aspects of female sexuality in ageing. Issues such as real and symbolic violence, abuse, forbidden dreams, sexism, motherhood, work and others permeated the narratives of life stories and their intersections with sexuality. As a result of our meetings and readings, we conclude that the connection between sexuality, gender and old age was very fruitful for the analysis of their interactions with the cultural and political environment as well with their internal relations and the social environment. And also for the fight against the myth of asexual aging and the violence that is exposed, in addition for the affirmation of a pleasant and possible sexuality in old age. We emphasize the importance of the development of research in the area of Psychology that addresses the sexuality of old women in their diversity, in order to understand the nuances of their contemporary configurations and to provide discussions of social policies and old age.
This paper aims to understand the meanings of female sexuality for old women, that is, aged 60 years or over. Sexuality for this particular audience is largely covered by the veil of invisibility. Our research participants are witnesses of the passage of time and have their life trajectories circumvented by the socio-cultural environment where each one of them, according to their experience, gives different meanings in the experience of sexuality. In order to promote the leading role of the elderly, this theme carries with it a multiplicity of factors to be researched, such as: ageing population, sexuality, gender differences. Therefore, reflecting on female sexuality in old age feeds the desire to learn how older women live, experience, symbolize and resignify the effect of aging on the expression of sexuality in the contemporary social context. To talk about sexuality is to talk about oneself and it allows us to construct subjectivity in different stages - from childhood to old age, bringing together bodily, symbolic and psychic aspects. Inheritors of social, cultural and scientific patterns, the participants of this thesis narrated their stories permeated with silences, stereotypes and prejudices. For this purpose, we chose the dialogue between Psychology and other areas of knowledge such as Anthropology, Social Sciences and others, to scientifically ground our questions we chose the Narrative methodology to support us in the search for the stories and memories of the participants. We elect sexuality as representative of the subjective construction of elderly women and through this bias we learn that beyond the eminently age criterion, we highlight its importance in the constitution of the individual with his unique way of communication and reflection of various aspects of human subjectivity. In this research we adopted two stages of realization, which unfolded in the writing process of this work: firstly we bring the description and reflection of a group process with aged women participating in the Open University of the Third Age (UNATI) at Paulista State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho ”(UNESP), campus of Assis city, in São Paulo state. In a second moment we make a dialogue between scientific studies on the theme of sexuality with the presentation and reflection of individual interviews with three women participating in the UNATI group. Each one, according to their experiences and narratives, provided us with different aspects of female sexuality in ageing. Issues such as real and symbolic violence, abuse, forbidden dreams, sexism, motherhood, work and others permeated the narratives of life stories and their intersections with sexuality. As a result of our meetings and readings, we conclude that the connection between sexuality, gender and old age was very fruitful for the analysis of their interactions with the cultural and political environment as well with their internal relations and the social environment. And also for the fight against the myth of asexual aging and the violence that is exposed, in addition for the affirmation of a pleasant and possible sexuality in old age. We emphasize the importance of the development of research in the area of Psychology that addresses the sexuality of old women in their diversity, in order to understand the nuances of their contemporary configurations and to provide discussions of social policies and old age.
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Palavras-chave
Gênero, Velhice, Sexualidade feminina, Female sexuality, Gender, Old age