Varredoras(es) de rua de Presidente Prudente/SP/BR: uma análise de suas rotinas laborais e de seus climas
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Data
2019-10-07
Autores
Mendes, Lidiana Pinho [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente dissertação desenvolve uma discussão centrada no cotidiano laboral de varredoras(es) de rua em uma cidade tropical: Presidente Prudente/SP/Brasil. A cidade está localizada em uma faixa climática caracterizada por altas temperaturas na maior parte do ano, somado a isso as(os) varredoras(es) atuam nos horários de maior aquecimento diurno e de maior radiação solar. Estamos diante de uma atividade subalterna, realizada majoritariamente por mulheres e grande parte destas idosas. Por intermédio de análises das variáveis térmicas da cidade, índices de conforto bioclimático, entrevistas com os diferentes sujeitos envolvidos com o trabalho em varrição e entrevistas com as protagonistas desta pesquisa, buscamos compreender as relações das(os) trabalhadoras(es) com as temperaturas experimentadas em suas rotinas laborais. Os resultados indicaram uma alta frequência de eventos que ultrapassam os limites estabelecidos na legislação brasileira referente a exposição laboral ao calor, bem como identificamos que estas variáveis podem assumir magnitudes muito mais acentuadas quando em foco estão as temperaturas localizadas. Constatamos que este não é um risco considerado pela empresa contratante. A discussão centralizou os sujeitos nos estudos geográficos do clima e apresentou as potencialidades das metodologias oriundas da pesquisa qualitativa. A partir dos relatos das varredoras identificamos que elas convivem com frequentes dores de cabeça, doenças do sistema circulatório, quadros de pneumonia, bem como sintomas inimagináveis que possuem conexão com as doenças do calor. Vale ressaltar que sintomas de outra ordem também insurgem em seus discursos como as lesões musculares, dores na coluna, joelho, coluna, dentre outras. Os resultados reunidos permitiram a elaboração de algumas recomendações que poderiam ser adotadas tendo em vista a minimização da exposição ao fator de risco aqui considerado. Por fim, nossa investigação versa sobre a relevância e necessidade de conhecer as diferentes experiências ambientais, sobretudo, dos sujeitos mais vulneráveis socialmente.
The present dissertation develops a discussion centered on the daily work of street sweepers (es) in a tropical city: Presidente Prudente / SP / Brazil. The city is located in a climatic band characterized by high temperatures for most of the year, in addition to the sweepers (s) operate at times of greater daytime heating and greater solar radiation. We are facing a subordinate activity, carried out mainly by women and a large part of these elderly women. Through analyzes of the city's thermal variables, bioclimatic comfort indexes, interviews with the different subjects involved with sweeping work and interviews with the protagonists of this research, we seek to understand the relationships of the workers with the temperatures experienced in their work routines. The results indicated a high frequency of events that exceed the limits established in the Brazilian legislation regarding work exposure to heat, as well as we identified that these variables can assume much greater magnitudes when focused on localized temperatures. We note that this is not a risk considered by the contracting company. The discussion centralized the subjects in the geographic studies of the climate and presented the potential of the methodologies derived from the qualitative research. From the sweepers' reports, we identified that they live with frequent headaches, diseases of the circulatory system, pneumonia, as well as unimaginable symptoms that have a connection with heat diseases. It is noteworthy that symptoms of another order also appear in his speeches such as muscle injuries, pain in the spine, knee, spine, among others. The combined results allowed the elaboration of some recommendations that could be adopted in order to minimize the exposure to the risk factor considered here. Finally, our investigation is about the relevance and need to know the different environmental experiences, above all, of the most socially vulnerable subjects.
The present dissertation develops a discussion centered on the daily work of street sweepers (es) in a tropical city: Presidente Prudente / SP / Brazil. The city is located in a climatic band characterized by high temperatures for most of the year, in addition to the sweepers (s) operate at times of greater daytime heating and greater solar radiation. We are facing a subordinate activity, carried out mainly by women and a large part of these elderly women. Through analyzes of the city's thermal variables, bioclimatic comfort indexes, interviews with the different subjects involved with sweeping work and interviews with the protagonists of this research, we seek to understand the relationships of the workers with the temperatures experienced in their work routines. The results indicated a high frequency of events that exceed the limits established in the Brazilian legislation regarding work exposure to heat, as well as we identified that these variables can assume much greater magnitudes when focused on localized temperatures. We note that this is not a risk considered by the contracting company. The discussion centralized the subjects in the geographic studies of the climate and presented the potential of the methodologies derived from the qualitative research. From the sweepers' reports, we identified that they live with frequent headaches, diseases of the circulatory system, pneumonia, as well as unimaginable symptoms that have a connection with heat diseases. It is noteworthy that symptoms of another order also appear in his speeches such as muscle injuries, pain in the spine, knee, spine, among others. The combined results allowed the elaboration of some recommendations that could be adopted in order to minimize the exposure to the risk factor considered here. Finally, our investigation is about the relevance and need to know the different environmental experiences, above all, of the most socially vulnerable subjects.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Geografia do clima, Experiência laboral, Varredoras(es) de rua, Presidente Prudente/SP, Climate geography, Work experience, Street sweepers(s)