Qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de acessos de mamoneira espontânea provenientes do Acre por modelos lineares generalizados
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Data
2020-03-13
Autores
Siqueira, Otavio Augusto Pessotto Alves
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Ricinus communis L. vulgarmente conhecida como mamoneira é uma cultura oleaginosa, em que suas sementes possuem em média 50% do seu peso em óleo. Dentre os fatores determinantes para garantir altas produtividades agrícolas está o uso de sementes de qualidade e o controle de doenças e pragas no campo. A principal e mais importante doença da cultura da mamoneira é o mofo cinzento causado pelo fungo Amphobotrys ricini. Entre as variáveis que determinam a qualidade fisiológica de sementes estão as curvas de protrusão ao longo do tempo, estimadas por modelos de regressão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência dos modelos lineares generalizados para a determinação das estimativas das curvas de protrusão, a determinação da qualidade fisiológica de oito variedades espontâneas de mamona e verificar a existência de alguma fonte de resistência ao mofo cinzento da mamoneira. Para isso, foi instalado um experimento na qual foram semeadas em linhas oito variedades de mamona provenientes do Acre, para avaliação da reação dos genótipos ao mofo cinzento, frutos de mamona foram levados ao laboratório onde foi inoculado esporos do fungo, e então incubados em BOD, a avaliação foi feita através da contagem de esporos após 7 dias de incubação. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi determinada, através dos seguintes ensaios: teste de germinação, germinação a baixa temperatura, envelhecimento acelerado, protrusão da raiz primaria ao longo do tempo e patologia de sementes. Todos os acessos avaliados quanto a reação ao mofo cinzento demostrara-se suscetíveis. Foi detectada a incidência dos fungos A. rincini, Fusarium, Epicoccum, Colletotricum, Alternaria, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Cladosporium, e Aspergillus. O acesso A5 demonstrou o melhor desempenho em termos de qualidade fisiológica, o acesso A6 apresentou a maior taxa de germinação a baixa temperatura. A função de ligação que melhor se ajustou aos dados de germinação ao longo do tempo de sementes de mamona foi a função Cauchy.
Ricinus communis L., commonly known as castor bean, is an oilseed crop, in which its seeds have an average of 50% of its weight in oil. Among the determining factors to guarantee high agricultural productivity is the use of quality seeds and disease and pests control in the field. The main and most important disease of castor bean culture is the gray mold caused by the fungus Amphobotrys ricini. Among the variables that determine the physiological quality of seeds are the protrusion curves over time, estimated by regression models. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of generalized linear models for determining the estimates of protrusion curves, determining the physiological quality of eight spontaneous castor varieties and verifying the existence of a source of resistance to castor bean gray mold. To do so, an experiment was installed in which eight varieties of castor bean from Acre were sown in rows, to evaluate the reaction of the genotypes to the gray mold, castor fruits were taken to the laboratory where the fungus spores were inoculated, and then incubated in BOD chambers, the evaluation was carried out by counting spores after 7 days of incubation. The physiological quality of the seeds was determined through the following tests: germination test, low temperature germination, accelerated aging, protrusion of the primary root over time and seed pathology. All accesses evaluated for the reaction to gray mold were shown to be susceptible. The incidence of A. rincini, Fusarium, Epicoccum, Colletotricum, Alternaria, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus was detected. The A5 access showed the best performance in terms of physiological quality, the A6 access showed the highest germination rate at low temperature. The linking function that best fitted the germination data over time for castor seeds was the Cauchy function.
Ricinus communis L., commonly known as castor bean, is an oilseed crop, in which its seeds have an average of 50% of its weight in oil. Among the determining factors to guarantee high agricultural productivity is the use of quality seeds and disease and pests control in the field. The main and most important disease of castor bean culture is the gray mold caused by the fungus Amphobotrys ricini. Among the variables that determine the physiological quality of seeds are the protrusion curves over time, estimated by regression models. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of generalized linear models for determining the estimates of protrusion curves, determining the physiological quality of eight spontaneous castor varieties and verifying the existence of a source of resistance to castor bean gray mold. To do so, an experiment was installed in which eight varieties of castor bean from Acre were sown in rows, to evaluate the reaction of the genotypes to the gray mold, castor fruits were taken to the laboratory where the fungus spores were inoculated, and then incubated in BOD chambers, the evaluation was carried out by counting spores after 7 days of incubation. The physiological quality of the seeds was determined through the following tests: germination test, low temperature germination, accelerated aging, protrusion of the primary root over time and seed pathology. All accesses evaluated for the reaction to gray mold were shown to be susceptible. The incidence of A. rincini, Fusarium, Epicoccum, Colletotricum, Alternaria, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus was detected. The A5 access showed the best performance in terms of physiological quality, the A6 access showed the highest germination rate at low temperature. The linking function that best fitted the germination data over time for castor seeds was the Cauchy function.
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Palavras-chave
Regressão linear, Germinação, Ricinus communis, Amphobotrys ricini, Linear regression, Germination