Influência de pontas de pulverização e tamanho de gota na deposição em plantas de amendoim
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Data
2020-03-13
Autores
Buosi, Gabriela Guimarães Papa
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Diversos fatores podem interferir nos depósitos da pulverização em plantas sendo o tamanho de gotas e a ponta de pulverização uma das mais importantes nesse processo. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar como o tamanho de gotas e a ponta de pulverização afetarão a quantidade e qualidade dos depósitos da pulverização em plantas de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) nos diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. A verificação da deposição em plantas de amendoim nos estádios de desenvolvimento dos primeiros ramos (V1) e nos estádios de alongamento de ginóforos (R2) em função do tamanho de gotas (fina, média, grossa e muito grossa – experimento 1) e da ponta de pulverização (TXA 8002 VK - Cônico, TTJ 60 11002 - Plano duplo, AIXR 110025 - Plano com indução de ar, DGTJ 11002 - Plano duplo de deriva reduzida, XR 8003 - Plano de faixa ampliada – experimento 2) foram realizadas em delineamento de blocos inteiramente casualizados com 4 tratamentos e 40 repetições (experimento 1) e 5 tratamentos e 40 repetições (experimento 2), pela pulverização do corante alimentício Azul Brilhante na concentração de 1,5 g. L-1. Os valores de deposição obtidos nos experimentos foram submetidos à análise de variâncias e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott. A uniformidade de distribuição dos depósitos foi ajustada a regressão logística. No primeiro experimento (tamanho de gotas × estádios fenológicos) as médias de deposição no estádio V1 foram todas significativamente diferentes ente si, e no estádio R2 os tratamentos com gotas fina e média diferiram dos tratamentos com gotas grossa e muito grossa. Maiores valores de deposição nos coletores foram encontrados nos tratamentos com gotas menores em ambos os estádios fenológico. No V1 os menores valores de deposição nos coletores foram observados nos tratamentos com gotas maiores, já no R2 os maiores valores de deposição foram encontrados nos tratamentos de menor uniformidade. No segundo experimento (modelo de ponta × estádios fenológicos) as médias de deposição no estádio V1 mostraram diferenças entre si, sendo o tratamento de jato plano duplo a maior média. Os valores de deposição em coletores foram maiores nos tratamentos com menores valores de deposição na planta de amendoim. No estádio R2 os tratamentos de jato plano de faixa ampliada e jato cônico obtiveram as maiores médias, diferindo dos demais tratamentos, seus valores de deposição em coletores com as maiores médias geralmente obtiveram maiores médias em deposição nas plantas de amendoim. Na uniformidade de deposição os maiores valores também coincidiram com os maiores valores de deposição em plantas de amendoim, no estádio V1. Para o estádio R2 os maiores valores de uniformidade de deposição foram os menores valores de deposição em plantas de amendoim.
Several factors can interfere with spray deposits on plants. It is known that the droplet size and the spray tip are some of the most important in this process. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate how the droplet size and the spray tip will affect the quantity and quality of spray deposits on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants at different stages of development. The verification of deposition in peanut plants in the stages of development of the first branches (V1) and in the stages of elongation of gynophores (R2), depending on the droplet size (fine, medium, coarse and very coarse - experiment 1) and the spray tip (TXA 8002 VK - Conical, TTJ 60 11002 - Double plane, AIXR 110025 - Air induction plane, DGTJ 11002 - Double reduced drift plane, XR 8003 - Extended range plane - experiment 2), were carried out in a completely randomized block design with 4 treatments and 40 repetitions (experiment 1) and 5 treatments and 40 repetitions (experiment 2), by spraying the Brilliant Blue dye food at concentration of 1.5 g L-1. The deposition values obtained in the experiments were subjected to analysis of variances and their averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test. The uniformity of deposit distribution was adjusted to logistic regression. In the first experiment (droplet size × phenological stages), the deposition averages in the V1 stage were all significantly different from each other; in the R2 stage, the treatments with fine and medium droplets differed from the treatments with thick and very thick drops. Higher deposition values in the collectors were found in the treatments with smaller drops in both phenological stages. In V1, the lowest deposition values in the collectors were observed in the treatment with larger droplets. In R2, the highest deposition values were found in treatments of less uniformity. In the second experiment (nozzle tip × phenological stages), the deposition averages on the V1 stage showed differences between them, and the double plane jet treatment obtained the highest average. The deposition values in collectors were higher in treatments with lower deposition on the peanut plant. In the R2 stage, the extended range and conical nozzle treatments had the highest averages, differing from the other treatments. Their deposition values in collectors with the highest averages generally obtained higher deposition averages on peanut plants. In uniformity of deposition, the highest values also coincide with the highest values of deposition on peanut plants, in the V1 stage. For the R2 stage, the highest deposition uniformity values were the lowest deposition values on peanut plants.
Several factors can interfere with spray deposits on plants. It is known that the droplet size and the spray tip are some of the most important in this process. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate how the droplet size and the spray tip will affect the quantity and quality of spray deposits on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants at different stages of development. The verification of deposition in peanut plants in the stages of development of the first branches (V1) and in the stages of elongation of gynophores (R2), depending on the droplet size (fine, medium, coarse and very coarse - experiment 1) and the spray tip (TXA 8002 VK - Conical, TTJ 60 11002 - Double plane, AIXR 110025 - Air induction plane, DGTJ 11002 - Double reduced drift plane, XR 8003 - Extended range plane - experiment 2), were carried out in a completely randomized block design with 4 treatments and 40 repetitions (experiment 1) and 5 treatments and 40 repetitions (experiment 2), by spraying the Brilliant Blue dye food at concentration of 1.5 g L-1. The deposition values obtained in the experiments were subjected to analysis of variances and their averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test. The uniformity of deposit distribution was adjusted to logistic regression. In the first experiment (droplet size × phenological stages), the deposition averages in the V1 stage were all significantly different from each other; in the R2 stage, the treatments with fine and medium droplets differed from the treatments with thick and very thick drops. Higher deposition values in the collectors were found in the treatments with smaller drops in both phenological stages. In V1, the lowest deposition values in the collectors were observed in the treatment with larger droplets. In R2, the highest deposition values were found in treatments of less uniformity. In the second experiment (nozzle tip × phenological stages), the deposition averages on the V1 stage showed differences between them, and the double plane jet treatment obtained the highest average. The deposition values in collectors were higher in treatments with lower deposition on the peanut plant. In the R2 stage, the extended range and conical nozzle treatments had the highest averages, differing from the other treatments. Their deposition values in collectors with the highest averages generally obtained higher deposition averages on peanut plants. In uniformity of deposition, the highest values also coincide with the highest values of deposition on peanut plants, in the V1 stage. For the R2 stage, the highest deposition uniformity values were the lowest deposition values on peanut plants.
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Tecnologia de aplicação de defensivos, Retenção foliar, Deriva., Pesticide application technology, Leaf retention, Spray drift