Manejo de poda em cultivares de uva para processamento
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Data
2020-02-28
Autores
Sánchez, Camilo André Pereira Contreras [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Uvas para processamento de suco têm sido implantadas em regiões não tradicionais de produção para atender o aumento do consumo de suco de uva pela população brasileira. Com isso, o estudo do manejo dessas cultivares é imprescindível para a maior produção e qualidade do suco de uva. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as características produtivas e qualitativas de cultivares de uva para processamento, cultivadas em São Manuel, SP, em dois sistemas de poda: curta e mista. O experimento foi realizado no período de agosto de 2017 a janeiro de 2019. Os tratamentos consistiram em três cultivares de uvas para processamento (BRS Violeta, Bordô e BRS Cora) enxertadas sobre o portaenxerto ‘IAC 572’, as quais foram submetidas a dois manejos de poda: poda curta e poda mista, no sistema de condução em espaldeira. Foram avaliadas a fenologia, curva de maturação, a fertilidade de gemas, a produção e produtividade; massas frescas de cacho e engaço; comprimento e largura de cachos e engaços; número de bagas por cacho; massa fresca, comprimento e largura de bagas; número e massa fresca de sementes por baga; sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, relação SS/AT; pH, antocianinas monoméricas totais, polifenóis totais, flavonoides. O delineamento experimental em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, sendo três cultivares de uva e dois sistemas de poda (poda curta e poda mista), e seis repetições, totalizando 36 parcelas experimentais. A cultivar BRS Cora apresentou maior duração do ciclo fenológico em relação às demais cultivares, sendo a uva ‘BRS Violeta’ a mais precoce. Houve efeito significativo do manejo de poda no teor de sólidos solúveis no mosto das bagas durante a maturação, onde se obteve na poda mista menores valores na variedade ‘BRS Cora’, com diferença entre as cultivares avaliadas. O manejo de poda mista interferiu na fertilidade real de gemas na cultivar BRS Cora, porém sem afetar a produtividade. A ‘BRS Violeta’ possui as melhores características produtivas e qualitativas para a produção na região, independente da poda utilizada. A ‘BRS Cora’ possui alta produtividade, podendo ser indicada para produção juntamente com a ‘BRS Violeta’. A poda curta apresentou os melhores resultados qualitativos e produtivos e por ser a mais utilizada, é a mais indicada para as cultivares estudadas neste trabalho.
Grapes for juice processing have been implanted in non-traditional regions of production to meet the increased consumption of grape juice by the Brazilian population. Thus, the study of the management of these cultivars is essential for the greater production and quality of grape juice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive and qualitative characteristics of grape cultivars for processing, grown in São Manuel, SP, in two pruning systems: short and mixed. The experiment was carried out from August 2017 to January 2019. The treatments consisted of three grape cultivars for processing (BRS Violeta, Bordô and BRS Cora) grafted on the 'IAC 572' rootstock, which were submitted to two managements. pruning: short pruning and mixed pruning, in the trowel conduction system. Phenology, maturation curve, yolk fertility, production and productivity were evaluated; fresh clusters and stalks; length and width of curls and stems; number of berries per bunch; fresh mass, length and width of berries; number and fresh weight of seeds per berry; soluble solids, titratable acidity, SS / AT ratio; pH, total monomeric anthocyanins, total polyphenols, flavonoids. The experimental design in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with three grape cultivars and two pruning systems (short pruning and mixed pruning), and six replications, totaling 36 experimental plots. The cultivar BRS Cora had a longer duration of the phenological cycle in relation to the other cultivars, with the grape 'BRS Violeta' being the earliest. There was a significant effect of the pruning management on the content of soluble solids in the must of the berries during ripening, where lower values were obtained in the mixed pruning in the variety 'BRS Cora', with difference between the cultivars evaluated. The management of mixed pruning interfered in the actual fertility of buds in the cultivar BRS Cora, but without affecting productivity. ‘BRS Violeta’ has the best productive and qualitative characteristics for production in the region, regardless of the pruning used. ‘BRS Cora’ has high productivity and can be nominated for production together with ‘BRS Violeta’. Short pruning showed the best qualitative and productive results and because it is the most used, it is the most suitable for the cultivars studied in this work.
Grapes for juice processing have been implanted in non-traditional regions of production to meet the increased consumption of grape juice by the Brazilian population. Thus, the study of the management of these cultivars is essential for the greater production and quality of grape juice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive and qualitative characteristics of grape cultivars for processing, grown in São Manuel, SP, in two pruning systems: short and mixed. The experiment was carried out from August 2017 to January 2019. The treatments consisted of three grape cultivars for processing (BRS Violeta, Bordô and BRS Cora) grafted on the 'IAC 572' rootstock, which were submitted to two managements. pruning: short pruning and mixed pruning, in the trowel conduction system. Phenology, maturation curve, yolk fertility, production and productivity were evaluated; fresh clusters and stalks; length and width of curls and stems; number of berries per bunch; fresh mass, length and width of berries; number and fresh weight of seeds per berry; soluble solids, titratable acidity, SS / AT ratio; pH, total monomeric anthocyanins, total polyphenols, flavonoids. The experimental design in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with three grape cultivars and two pruning systems (short pruning and mixed pruning), and six replications, totaling 36 experimental plots. The cultivar BRS Cora had a longer duration of the phenological cycle in relation to the other cultivars, with the grape 'BRS Violeta' being the earliest. There was a significant effect of the pruning management on the content of soluble solids in the must of the berries during ripening, where lower values were obtained in the mixed pruning in the variety 'BRS Cora', with difference between the cultivars evaluated. The management of mixed pruning interfered in the actual fertility of buds in the cultivar BRS Cora, but without affecting productivity. ‘BRS Violeta’ has the best productive and qualitative characteristics for production in the region, regardless of the pruning used. ‘BRS Cora’ has high productivity and can be nominated for production together with ‘BRS Violeta’. Short pruning showed the best qualitative and productive results and because it is the most used, it is the most suitable for the cultivars studied in this work.
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Palavras-chave
BRS Cora, Uvas híbridas, Poda mista, Poda curta, Bordô, BRS Violeta, BRS Cora, Hybrid grapes, Mixed pruning, Short pruning