Análise dos perfis genômicos e de resistência à antimicrobianos de estirpes de Salmonella Heidelberg
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Data
2019-09-02
Autores
Souza, Andrei Itajahy Secundo de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) é um dos sorovares do gênero Salmonella capaz de infectar tanto seres humanos quanto animais. Surtos infecciosos em seres humanos estão relacionados principalmente à ingestão de produtos de origem avícola e o tratamento é realizado com o uso de antimicrobianos. Entretanto, estas drogas também são utilizadas na produção avícola como melhoradores de desempenho, o que resulta em resistência bacteriana em SH, já relatada em literatura. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar 62 isolados de SH quanto ao fenótipo de resistência a 20 antimicrobianos; identificar o genótipo de resistência aos β-lactâmicos por meio da PCR; e avaliar a similaridade dos isolados utilizando as metodologias ERIC-PCR, REP-PCR, BOX-PCR e PFGE. Todas as estirpes de SH foram confirmadas por PCR e submetidas aos testes de sensibilidade a 20 antimicrobianos. A resistência foi observada em 16 dos 20 antimicrobianos utilizados, ressaltando a elevada resistência aos β-lactâmicos (CEF, FOX, AMP, CTX, AMX, AMC e IMP) com a identificação de 41 estirpes multirresistentes. A partir da PCR identificou-se genes codificadores de enzimas ESBL e AmpC, havendo predominância do gene blaCMY-2. O PFGE demonstrou ser a metodologia com a maior diversidade em comparação as demais utilizadas, com a maioria das estirpes sendo agrupadas de acordo com a fonte de isolamento. A partir dos resultados deste estudo é possível observar a diversidade dos isolados de SH no Brasil albergando genes AmpC e apresentando diferentes perfis de multirresistência fenotípica, tornando SH uma preocupação para a saúde pública.
Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) is one of the serovars of the Salmonella genus capable of infecting both humans and animals. Infectious outbreaks in humans are mainly related to the consumption of products of poultry origin and the treatment is carried out with the use of antimicrobials. However, these drugs are also used in poultry production as performance enhancers, which results in bacterial resistance in SH, already reported in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize 62 SH isolates regarding the phenotype of resistance to 20 antimicrobials; identify the genotype of resistance to β-lactams by means of PCR; and to evaluate the similarity of the isolates using the ERIC-PCR, REP-PCR, BOX-PCR and PFGE methodologies. All strains of SH were confirmed by PCR and subjected to sensitivity tests to 20 antimicrobials. Resistance was observed in 16 of the 20 antimicrobials used, highlighting the high resistance to β-lactams (CEF, FOX, AMP, CTX, AMX, AMC and IMP) with the identification of 41 multidrug resistant strains. From the PCR, genes encoding ESBL and AmpC enzymes were identified with a predominance of the blaCMY-2 gene. The PFGE proved to be the methodology with the greatest diversity compared to the others used with the majority of strains being grouped according to the isolation source. From the results of this study, it is possible to observe the diversity of SH isolates in Brazil harboring AmpC genes and presenting different profiles of phenotypic multidrug resistance, making SH a concern for public health.
Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) is one of the serovars of the Salmonella genus capable of infecting both humans and animals. Infectious outbreaks in humans are mainly related to the consumption of products of poultry origin and the treatment is carried out with the use of antimicrobials. However, these drugs are also used in poultry production as performance enhancers, which results in bacterial resistance in SH, already reported in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize 62 SH isolates regarding the phenotype of resistance to 20 antimicrobials; identify the genotype of resistance to β-lactams by means of PCR; and to evaluate the similarity of the isolates using the ERIC-PCR, REP-PCR, BOX-PCR and PFGE methodologies. All strains of SH were confirmed by PCR and subjected to sensitivity tests to 20 antimicrobials. Resistance was observed in 16 of the 20 antimicrobials used, highlighting the high resistance to β-lactams (CEF, FOX, AMP, CTX, AMX, AMC and IMP) with the identification of 41 multidrug resistant strains. From the PCR, genes encoding ESBL and AmpC enzymes were identified with a predominance of the blaCMY-2 gene. The PFGE proved to be the methodology with the greatest diversity compared to the others used with the majority of strains being grouped according to the isolation source. From the results of this study, it is possible to observe the diversity of SH isolates in Brazil harboring AmpC genes and presenting different profiles of phenotypic multidrug resistance, making SH a concern for public health.
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Genes AmpC, Genes ESBL, Multirresistência, Perfil de resistência, Saúde pública, AmpC genes, ESBL genes, Multidrug resistance, Genetic profile, Health public