Os subesquemas intensificadores [morto de [X]], [podre de [X]] e [[X] pra caramba] no português sob a perspectiva construcional
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Data
2020-03-10
Autores
Scaldelai, Ana Ligia
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A intensificação é um processo rotineiro na vida de todos nós falantes de uma língua, uma vez que é a partir dela que tentamos convencer, reforçar, persuadir, isto é, mudar a informação pragmática do nosso interlocutor acerca daquilo que temos em mente e do que estamos vivenciando. Como afirma Costa (2010, p. 62), as experiências e as ações que o indivíduo vivencia em seu cotidiano não são sempre iguais, elas se diferenciam por diversos motivos, e um deles é a intensidade com que ocorrem, podendo variar entre maior ou menor força. Logo, as microconstruções intensificadoras do português, do tipo morto de fome, podre de rico, cansado pra caramba, entre outras, são utilizadas na língua com a função de exprimir uma noção superelevada acerca de algo, que ultrapassa os limites do que é concebido como relativamente normal pelo falante. Assim, tais construções intensificadoras funcionam como estratégias discursivas que lançam mão do recurso da metaforização, isto é, não carregam consigo somente o sentido literal, mas também outros significados (construídos via metáfora ou metonímia). Apresentam um pareamento direto de forma-sentido (CROFT, 2001; GOLDBERG, 2006), com uma estrutura sequencial, que inclui tanto posições fixas quanto posições abertas e apresentam diferentes graus de esquematicidade, composicionalidade e analisabilidade. Sendo assim, com base nos pressupostos teóricos da abordagem construcional (TRAUGOTT e TROUSDALE, 2013; BYBEE, 2010), o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os subesquemas intensificadores [morto de [X]], [podre de [X]] e [[X] pra caramba] com o intuito de verificar o processo de construcionalização dessas construções rumo a construções intensificadoras no português, haja vista que, em outros contextos, construções semelhantes, de natureza qualificadora, são totalmente composicionais, ou seja, preservam ainda todos os seus traços lexicais de estruturas modificadoras. Para tanto, utilizaremos como universo de investigação os textos do Corpus do Português (DAVIES e FERREIRA, 2006; 2015).
Intensification is a routine process in all of our lives' who speaks a language, since it is from there we try to convince, reinforce, persuade, it means, change the pragmatic information of our interlocutor about what we have in mind and what we are experiencing. As Costa (2010, p. 62) states, the experiences and actions that individuals experience in their daily lives are not always the same, they differ for different reasons and one of them is the intensity with which they occur, which may vary between greater or lesser strength. Therefore, the peripheral intensifying microconstructions of Brazilian Portuguese, of the type “morto de fome”, “podre de rico”, “cansado pra caramba”, among others, are used in the language with the function of expressing a superelevated notion about something, which goes beyond the limits of what is conceived to be relatively normal by the speaker. thus, such intensifying constructions function as discursive strategies that use the resource of metaphorization, wich means, they carry not only the literal meaning, but also other meanings (constructed via metaphor or metonymy). They present a direct pairing in a meaningful way (CROFT, 2001; Goldberg, 2006), with a sequential structure, which includes both fixed and open positions and show different degrees of schematicity, compositionality and analyzability. Therefore, based on the theoretical assumptions of the constructional approach (Traugott and Trousdale, 2013; Bybee 2010), this study's objective is to analyze the intensifying subschemas [morto de [X]], [podre de [X]] e [[X] pra caramba] in order to verify the construction process of these constructions towards intensifying constructions in portuguese, considering that, in other contexts, similar constructions, of qualifying nature, are totally compositional, meaning that, they still preserve all their lexical ties of modified structures. To do so, it's used the corpus of Portuguese texts as a universe of investigation (Davies and Ferreira, 2006: 2015).
Intensification is a routine process in all of our lives' who speaks a language, since it is from there we try to convince, reinforce, persuade, it means, change the pragmatic information of our interlocutor about what we have in mind and what we are experiencing. As Costa (2010, p. 62) states, the experiences and actions that individuals experience in their daily lives are not always the same, they differ for different reasons and one of them is the intensity with which they occur, which may vary between greater or lesser strength. Therefore, the peripheral intensifying microconstructions of Brazilian Portuguese, of the type “morto de fome”, “podre de rico”, “cansado pra caramba”, among others, are used in the language with the function of expressing a superelevated notion about something, which goes beyond the limits of what is conceived to be relatively normal by the speaker. thus, such intensifying constructions function as discursive strategies that use the resource of metaphorization, wich means, they carry not only the literal meaning, but also other meanings (constructed via metaphor or metonymy). They present a direct pairing in a meaningful way (CROFT, 2001; Goldberg, 2006), with a sequential structure, which includes both fixed and open positions and show different degrees of schematicity, compositionality and analyzability. Therefore, based on the theoretical assumptions of the constructional approach (Traugott and Trousdale, 2013; Bybee 2010), this study's objective is to analyze the intensifying subschemas [morto de [X]], [podre de [X]] e [[X] pra caramba] in order to verify the construction process of these constructions towards intensifying constructions in portuguese, considering that, in other contexts, similar constructions, of qualifying nature, are totally compositional, meaning that, they still preserve all their lexical ties of modified structures. To do so, it's used the corpus of Portuguese texts as a universe of investigation (Davies and Ferreira, 2006: 2015).
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Palavras-chave
Abordagem construcional, Intensificação, Subesquemas, Constructional approach, Intensification, Subschema