O personagem-narrador e seu lugar de reflexão em Cemitério dos vivos (1956), de Lima Barreto e Recordações da casa dos mortos (1862), de Fiódor Dostoiévski
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Data
2020-03-06
Autores
Costa, Fabiano da Silva
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A tese que se pretende defender, na comparação entre as obras (Cemitério dos vivos (1956), de Lima Barreto e Recordações da casa dos mortos (1862), de Fiódor Dostoievski, é a de que os diferentes lugares de onde narram os narradores protagonistas têm idêntica função procedimental: são lugares onde vozes dissonantes e contraditórias têm liberdade de se expressar apesar da repressão; a liberdade acaba sendo a característica fundamental e basilar nesses ambientes, a saber: o hospício e a prisão. Considera-se que, neste contexto, “cemitério dos vivos” e “casa dos mortos” são expressões sinonímicas: representam, ambos, o lugar onde os indesejados são postos para que fiquem separados e esquecidos do restante da sociedade. Entretanto, nestes locais, os narradores encontram espaço para expressar suas opiniões, tornando-se vozes discordantes e fazendo de seus claustros, lugares de existência do contraditório. Em Cemitério dos vivos prevalece a angústia, a culpa, a dor, o sofrimento, decorrentes da introspecção do protagonista Vicente Mascarenhas. É de grande pertinência a comparação entre ambas pois, pelo título, já demonstram interessante diálogo: quem são estas pessoas que habitam a “casa dos mortos” e o “cemitério dos vivos”? Por que estão mortas em vida? Trata-se da morte pelo ostracismo, silêncio como punição para os diferentes e os contraditórios. A busca pela homogeneidade pede lugares como estes. Importante estar atento para estes protagonistas narrando o horror do “inenarrável”, a partir de um lugar onde o silencio deveria ser a regra de ouro para seus hóspedes: no local onde a liberdade deveria ser apenas uma vaga lembrança, eles conseguem o feito de serem vozes dissonantes da sociedade.
The thesis that is intended to defend, in the comparison between the works (Cemetery of the Living (1956), by Lima Barreto and Memories of the House of the Dead (1862), by Fiódor Dostoievski, is that the different places from which the narrator-protagonists narrate have the same procedural function: they are places where dissonant and contradictory voices are free to express themselves in spite of repression; freedom ends up being the fundamental and basic characteristic in these environments, namely: the hospice and the prison. It is considered that, in this context, "cemetery of the living" and "house of the dead" are synonymous expressions: both represent the place where the unwanted are placed so that they are separated and forgotten from the rest of society. However, in these places, narrators find space to express their opinions, becoming discordant voices and making their cloisters places of existence of the contradictory. In the Cemetery of the Living, the anguish, the guilt, the pain, the suffering, arising from the introspection of the protagonist Vicente Mascarenhas, prevails. The comparison between the two is of great relevance because, by the title, they already show an interesting dialogue: who are these people who inhabit the "house of the dead" and the "cemetery of the living"? Why are they dead in life? It is death by ostracism, silence as a punishment for those who are different and contradictory. The search for homogeneity asks for places like these. It is important to be attentive to these protagonists by narrating the horror of the "unspeakable" from a place where silence should be the golden rule for their guests: in the place where freedom should be only a vague memory, they achieve the feat of being dissonant voices of society.
The thesis that is intended to defend, in the comparison between the works (Cemetery of the Living (1956), by Lima Barreto and Memories of the House of the Dead (1862), by Fiódor Dostoievski, is that the different places from which the narrator-protagonists narrate have the same procedural function: they are places where dissonant and contradictory voices are free to express themselves in spite of repression; freedom ends up being the fundamental and basic characteristic in these environments, namely: the hospice and the prison. It is considered that, in this context, "cemetery of the living" and "house of the dead" are synonymous expressions: both represent the place where the unwanted are placed so that they are separated and forgotten from the rest of society. However, in these places, narrators find space to express their opinions, becoming discordant voices and making their cloisters places of existence of the contradictory. In the Cemetery of the Living, the anguish, the guilt, the pain, the suffering, arising from the introspection of the protagonist Vicente Mascarenhas, prevails. The comparison between the two is of great relevance because, by the title, they already show an interesting dialogue: who are these people who inhabit the "house of the dead" and the "cemetery of the living"? Why are they dead in life? It is death by ostracism, silence as a punishment for those who are different and contradictory. The search for homogeneity asks for places like these. It is important to be attentive to these protagonists by narrating the horror of the "unspeakable" from a place where silence should be the golden rule for their guests: in the place where freedom should be only a vague memory, they achieve the feat of being dissonant voices of society.
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Palavras-chave
Claustro, Narrativa, Silêncio, Lima Barreto, Resignação, Cloister, Narrative, Silence, Resignation