Aplicação de Fluorescência Induzida por Laser (LIF) em área contaminada por querosene de aviação
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Data
2020-03-27
Autores
Isler, Elias
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo explora a avaliação da distribuição de Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) trapeado na zona saturada empregando a técnica de fluorescência induzida por laser (Laser-Induced Fluorescence – LIF). A área de estudo está localizada no município de Paulínia e tem sido investigada para contaminação por Querosene de Aviação (QAV) desde 2002. O equipamento Ultra-Violet Optical Screening Tool (UVOST®) foi utilizado por possuir a capacidade de detectar moléculas de Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos (PAH) presentes no LNAPL. Foram realizados um teste piloto de bancada e 21 ensaios de perfilagem LIF em campo, incluindo monitoramento de nível d’água (NA) e nível de óleo (NO) sobrenadante em poços existentes. A perfilagem LIF foi empregada para definir com precisão a extensão lateral do LNAPL, bem como sua tipologia. Além disso, a integração de resultados de fluorescência, oscilação sazonal do NA, espessura de QAV e concentração de naftaleno conduziu para um entendimento mais claro da migração lateral e vertical do LNAPL em subsuperfície. Elevadas intensidades de fluorescência relacionadas ao QAV foram detectadas abaixo do NA na situação de descida do LNAPL em períodos de NA baixo, revelando migrações verticais pretéritas, e correspondem à presença de fase livre nesses períodos, previamente registradas em poços de monitoramento. Análises estatísticas dos quatro canais distintos (comprimentos de onda de 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm e 500 nm) mostraram forte correlação entre os referidos canais na presença do contaminante, permitindo diferenciar com maior refinamento os horizontes com presença de QAV, mesmo em horizontes com baixas intensidades de fluorescência. Estes resultados mostram que a técnica LIF é uma ferramenta extremamente efetiva para investigação de áreas contaminadas por petróleo e seus derivados, mesmo em cenários complexos em função da estratigrafia local, elevada amplitude de oscilação sazonal do NA e interferências geradas por sistemas de bombeamento operantes.
The present study explores the distribution evaluation of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) trapped in the saturated zone using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) technique. The study site is located in the Paulínia municipality and has been investigated for jet fuel contamination since 2002. Ultra-Violet Optical Screening Tool (UVOST®) was used for its capability in detecting Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules present in LNAPL. One pilot test and 21 LIF profiling tests were carried out in the field, including water table (WT) and floating oil level (OL) monitoring in existing wells. LIF profiling was employed to accurately define the lateral extension of weathered LNAPL, as well as its typology. In addiction, the integration of fluorescence results, seasonal fluctuation of WT, jet fuel thickness and naphthalene concentration led to a clear understanding of lateral and vertical migration of the LNAPL in the subsurface. High fluorescence intensities related to the jet fuel were detected below the WT in the situation of falling LNAPL in low WT season, revealing past vertical migration, and these correspond to the presence of free phase in periods of low WT, previously registered in monitoring wells. Statistical analysis of the four distinct channels (wavelength of 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm and 500 nm) showed correlation between the referred wavelengths in the presence of the contaminant, allowing differentiating with better refinement the horizons with the presence of jet fuel even in horizons with low fluorescence intensities. These results show that the LIF technique is a very effective tool for investigation of petroleum-contaminated site, even in complex scenarios in function of local stratigraphy, high amplitude of seasonal WT fluctuation and interferences generated by pumping systems in operation.
The present study explores the distribution evaluation of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) trapped in the saturated zone using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) technique. The study site is located in the Paulínia municipality and has been investigated for jet fuel contamination since 2002. Ultra-Violet Optical Screening Tool (UVOST®) was used for its capability in detecting Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules present in LNAPL. One pilot test and 21 LIF profiling tests were carried out in the field, including water table (WT) and floating oil level (OL) monitoring in existing wells. LIF profiling was employed to accurately define the lateral extension of weathered LNAPL, as well as its typology. In addiction, the integration of fluorescence results, seasonal fluctuation of WT, jet fuel thickness and naphthalene concentration led to a clear understanding of lateral and vertical migration of the LNAPL in the subsurface. High fluorescence intensities related to the jet fuel were detected below the WT in the situation of falling LNAPL in low WT season, revealing past vertical migration, and these correspond to the presence of free phase in periods of low WT, previously registered in monitoring wells. Statistical analysis of the four distinct channels (wavelength of 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm and 500 nm) showed correlation between the referred wavelengths in the presence of the contaminant, allowing differentiating with better refinement the horizons with the presence of jet fuel even in horizons with low fluorescence intensities. These results show that the LIF technique is a very effective tool for investigation of petroleum-contaminated site, even in complex scenarios in function of local stratigraphy, high amplitude of seasonal WT fluctuation and interferences generated by pumping systems in operation.
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Palavras-chave
Fluorescência induzida por laser, Ultra-violet optical screening tool, Contaminação, Querosene de aviação, Trapeamento, Laser-induced fluorescence, Contamination, Jet fuel, Trapping